On 9 December, the SPMU gave a presentation at a training course for a group of law enforcement and judicial experts from Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, United Arab Emirates, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan and Ukraine. The training was organized by the CIS International Centre on Migration and Combating Trafficking in Human Beings in Minsk. In response to frequent requests by field operations to support participating States in organizing and delivering training activities related to human trafficking and targeting both regular and specialized police, and in close co-operation with the Office of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings (OSR/CTHB) and ODIHR, the SPMU has been building a roster of international trainers for capacity building activities, and in the future will make an effort to develop a unified training course that would incorporate the most recent topics related to preventing and combating human trafficking. From 16-19 November, the SMPU assisted the Project Co-ordinator in Ukraine in organizing a study visit for representatives of the Ukrainian Ministry of Interior and Police to Germany. The purpose of this study visit was to familiarise participants with the existing practices in an OSCE participating State on police tactics related to the prevention and fight against human trafficking before and during large international events. The study visit was part of Ukraine’s preparation to co-host (with Poland) the football championship EURO 2012. The Ukraine delegation was received by counterparts at the Ministry of the Interior in Berlin, the Federal Police in Frankfurt and the Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) in Wiesbaden. Throughout the year, the SPMU continued developing the concept of community policing with a specific focus on strongly involving different stakeholders in the identification of trafficked persons and their referral to services, as well as in raising awareness about vulnerable groups in the society through the possibilities provided by community policing structures/police-public partnerships in the participating States. The SPMU thus launched a new initiative for developing a guidebook on victim identification for law enforcement practitioners. A group of national experts and experts from the OSCE field operations contributed to the content through sharing best practices from their respective countries. The project was organized in close co-operation with the OSR CTHB and relevant international and non-governmental organizations. On 19 November, an expert meeting was held in Vienna, gathering more than 25 law enforcement officials and representatives from International Organizations and NGOs. At the meeting the experts reviewed the first draft of the guidebook. From 29 November to 1 December, the SPMU project manager also undertook a study tour to Ukraine to collect additional information about good practices for the guidebook. An additional study tour was planned to take place in Moldova in 2011. Throughout 2010, the SPMU continued enhancing the portal on countering sexual exploitation of children on the internet within POLIS (Policing OnLine Information System), including new links and events. The portal shall be further developed and enhanced through the organization of on-line discussion forums and conferences on the topic. On 17 November, the SPMU took part in an expert meeting on the “sexual abuse of children”, organized by EUROPOL. For 2011, the SPMU was planning to prepare an on-line conference on new challenges in combating this crime. Drug Trafficking In response to Permanent Council Decision No. 813 (2007) on Combating the Threat of Illicit Drugs and Precursors emphasized, and Ministerial Decision No. 4/07 on OSCE Engagement with Afghanistan, 2010 witnessed an increased assistance to the Afghan National Police from the SPMU. The Unit implemented five training courses for a total of 64 Afghan law 20