services, State security services and law enforcement agencies of 11 CIS countries attended the training. On 16-19 May, the OSR/CTHB, in co-operation with the OS Borders Team, assisted the OSCE Office in Minsk in implementing its project “Assistance to the State Border Guard Committee of the Republic of Belarus in reinforcing its Psychological Support Service” (see also 3.2). On, 25-27 May, the OSR/CTHB, in co-operation with the OSCE Project Co-ordinator in Uzbekistan, delivered a three-day training session on “Investigating Human Trafficking: Challenges, Lessons Learned and Best Practices” for a group of investigators from the police, national security service and prosecutors in Tashkent. The training aimed at promoting a human rights approach in the identification and investigation of trafficking cases. The training also focused on special investigative techniques, including video surveillance, audio surveillance, observation reports and the use of intelligence. On 7-9 June, the OSR/CTHB actively participated in the first “INTERPOL Global Trafficking in Human Beings Conference”, organized by OSR’s Alliance partner INTERPOL in Damascus. The conference addressed such topics as structures of organized crime groups dealing with trafficking in human beings, modus operandi, trends, routes, aspects and difficulties in international co-operation. The OSR presented the OSCE political and operational framework which has been established to assist the participating States in the implementation of the anti-trafficking commitments. From 17-18 June, the OSR/CTHB addressed one of the most lucrative forms of THB, human trafficking for domestic servitude, by holding the Tenth Alliance against Trafficking in Persons Conference “Unprotected Work, Invisible Exploitation: Trafficking for the Purpose of Domestic Servitude” in Vienna. On this occasion, the OSR presented the Background Paper on Trafficking in Human Beings for the Purpose of Domestic Servitude. The paper, based on field work and case study analyses, illustrates the way exploitation in domestic work is organized, the features of trafficking for domestic servitude; practices in raising awareness and prevention; challenges in identification, taking into account the isolation faced by these workers; the lack of access to private households for law enforcement; and the inability of exploited workers to seek refuge and assistance. The OSR anti-trafficking events, especially those conducted under the framework of the Alliance against Trafficking in Persons, serve as a recognized awareness raising forum and a platform for exchanging best practices in the fight against THB. They sent a strong political message to the participating States, facilitated networking of all relevant structures and NGOs, and provided an excellent opportunity to benefit from advanced expertise and expert knowledge of the issue. On 1-5 November, the OSR/CTHB delivered training in co-operation with the OSCE BMSC in Tajikistan for personnel of border-related agencies such as Border Police/Guards, Customs, Drug Control Agencies from OSCE participating States and Partners for Co-operation, with a focus on Central Asian countries and Afghanistan. On 13-15 December, the OSR/CTHB, in co-operation with the Office in Baku, conducted a Sensitization seminar on Human Trafficking and Forced Labour for Regional LawEnforcement Agencies in Mingechevir, Azerbaijan. The training covered the main aspect of trafficking issues including victim indicators and interviews, investigative principles, intelligence gathering, operational methodology, international police co-operation, always with a victim centred approach. 33