CAT/C/POL/CO/7 (b) Ensure that medical personnel and other public officials engaged in the custody, interrogation and treatment of persons subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment receive mandatory training on the Istanbul Protocol; (c) Develop and implement a methodology to assess the effectiveness and impact of educational and training programmes relating to the Convention and the Istanbul Protocol; (d) Ensure that all law enforcement officers, civilian judges, military judges and public prosecutors receive mandatory training emphasizing the link between noncoercive interrogation techniques, the prohibition of torture and ill-treatment and the obligation of the judiciary to invalidate confessions made under torture. Conditions of detention in police detention units and prison facilities 29. The Committee is concerned: (a) At reports of inadequate material conditions in police detention units, including in relation to sanitary facilities, exercise yards and the quality of food; and in particular at reports that the officers employed at the municipal police station in Białystok had complained that the living conditions there, including an informal ban on washing the bedding, blankets, pillows and mattresses used by detainees, endangered the lives and health of both the detainees and the police officers; (b) That all cells in police detention units are located in the basements of the buildings housing them, which results in inadequate ventilation and insufficient access to light; (c) At the increase in the prison population during the period under review to an occupancy rate of around 92 per cent; and that some prisoners are housed in facilities that fall below the national legal standard of 3 m2 per person in cells that are too narrow; (d) That there is mould on the walls and ceilings of cells of prisoners incarcerated in historic buildings and older penitentiary units, which exposes them to mould spores; that sanitary annexes have not been removed from all cells; that not all sanitary units have shower stalls and toilets allowing inmates adequate privacy; and that pretrial detainees and prisoners in closed penitentiary facilities remain in their cells for 23 hours a day; (e) That health care in prisons is provided by medical staff employed by the Prison Service, which may hinder their clinical independence and affect trust-based doctorpatient relations, especially since the law requires medical practitioners to certify whether a prisoner is fit for punishment in a disciplinary cell, which is contrary to the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules); that there is a considerable shortage of medical staff, including psychiatrists, and slowness in referrals to outside specialists; and that diagnoses by prison medical staff are often incorrect and superficial and have resulted in deaths in custody; (f) That prisoners are classified not in terms of the level of danger that they pose to other prisoners but according to the length of their prison sentence, which may lead to inter-prisoner violence. 30. The State party should: (a) Ensure adequate material conditions in all police detention units, including sufficient ventilation and lighting, clean bedding and appropriate sanitary conditions; and, where possible, ensure that police detention facilities are above the ground; (b) Rigorously implement the programme for the modernization of the Prison Service from 2017 to 2020; provide updated information to the Committee on the outcome of the work of the task force for developing solutions to reform penitentiary services; and consider increasing the use of non-custodial measures and alternatives to detention, in keeping with the Tokyo Rules; 10