Points to be highlighted/suggested areas for discussion: 39. – The control of infectious diseases is of particular significance in many jurisdictions and has to be given high priority; 39. – It is clear from the instruments that the doctor has responsibility for caring for prisoners and for advising the prison director on a range of matters, but what actual steps should be taken when conditions fall below the required standard?; 39. – It is useful for the trainees to consider the practical difficulties from a position of some experience of the prison environment; 39. – It is important that the often serious problem of limited resources is never allowed to be a reason for doing nothing. CASE STUDY Methodology: This would be most effectively presented as a role-play. Trainees should be invited to take part in the roles of the prison director and the doctor, with others taking the roles of reception officers or nurses working in the prison. Points to be highlighted/suggested areas for discussion: 39. – The imperative for the doctor is to safeguard health. This means that prisoners must not be put at risk as a result of being in prison. Is inoculation going to be effective?; 39. – The practical difficulties that exist for the prison director; 39. – The discussion is likely to be lively, but the outcome must be assured; 39. – Reference to the international instruments should be encouraged throughout the exercise. 68