Discussion Group 3, Media and Market - the Management of Change: Discussion Group 3 (DG 3) recognises the CSCE's historical contribution to the process of change in the countries of the former Warsaw Pact. Making use of the experiences and instruments of cooperation developed during that period the CSCE is now eager to participate in the future process of democratic development and has created to that end new structures serving the Human Dimension and, under that heading, the development of media. DG 3 welcomes this engagement. The presentation of activities and discussion in DG 3 demonstrated that many bodies and institutions, governmental and intergovernmental, public and private, are actively engaged in projects of East-West co-operation aimed at strengthening the role of media in the establishment and extension of democracy. CSCE is urged to take note of ongoing projects, to co-operate with partners already active in the field and to define more clearly the specific contribution it may be able to add. Co-operation is recommended especially with UNESCO and the European Institutions, notably the Council of Europe, and, for all questions related to broadcasting, with the European Broadcasting Union EBU. The two distinctive features of the CSCE capable of making a special contribution are the participation of the United States and Canada on one hand and the membership of all former members of the Soviet Union on the other hand. This membership - smaller than that of UNESCO, larger than that of the European institutions - may create a new and stimulating forum for discussion and action not available elsewhere. Participation in the Warsaw conference showed the need of a better balance of delegates from East and West. Some Eastern countries were unable to participate, many were only represented by government institutions. The Conference therefore asks the ODIHR secretariat to analyse why Eastern participation was limited and through what measures this participation could be extended and diversified in future meetings. Measures to assist certain CSCE members by paying their travel and subsistence should be studied. The Group notes the efforts of the US to finance participation for a number of Eastern journalists and invites other governments and institutions to join in a co-ordinated effort to make more voices from the East heard at future conferences. Since the presentation of western views and experiences can take place on many other occasions, DG 3 received with special attention the reports and questions from representatives of the new democracies. A colleague from Uzbekistan reminded us of the fact that freedom of the press is dependent on many factors: the existence of a trained journalist, having a (heated) room to work, a typewriter or computer terminal, printing paper, and, hopefully, an adequate salary. In his country, he said, the existence of many newspapers is threatened and journalists committed to the freedom of information may risk their lives. Another colleague from Estonia admonished the western colleagues not to adopt the teacher-pupil or father-son attitude when working in and for Eastern countries. From these and other testimonies the group concluded that there was need for help - not always exclusively financial but that this help should not take the character of spoon-feeding. Paternalism is unwelcome, especially when disguised as market freedom. "We have not liberated us from internal dictatorship of programming to subject ourselves now to a new dictatorship of programming from abroad" stated a Romanian delegate. The aim of programme assistance must be the strengthening of national and local production and programming. A free market in itself is not capable of satisfying all needs of a free and democratic society. While the commercial option can provide important elements of free media and free information, other methods of financing media must be analysed and used. The Western European model of public broadcasting systems was quoted as highly qualified to foster democracy. Doubts were, however, raised, whether the state machinery’s of the East could be transformed into genuine public service systems independent from their governments. The group noted that for a long time to come media in many countries of the East could not survive CSCE ODIHR BULLETIN Vol. 2, No. 1 34