CRPD/C/GC/6 C. Article 8 on awareness-raising 39. Discrimination cannot be combated without awareness-raising among all sectors of government and society. Thus, any non-discrimination and equality measure must be accompanied by adequate awareness-raising measures and measures to change or abolish compounded pejorative disability stereotypes and negative attitudes. In addition, violence, harmful practices and prejudices must be tackled by awareness-raising campaigns. States parties should undertake measures to encourage, inter alia, the media to portray persons with disabilities in a manner consistent with the purpose of the Convention and to modify harmful views of persons with disabilities, such as those that portray them unrealistically as being dangerous to themselves and others, or sufferers and dependent objects of care without autonomy who are unproductive economic and social burdens to society. D. Article 9 on accessibility 40. Accessibility is a precondition and a means to achieve de facto equality for all persons with disabilities. For persons with disabilities to effectively participate in the community, States parties must address accessibility of the built environment, public transport, as well as information and communication services, which must be available and usable for all persons with disabilities on an equal basis with others. Accessibility in the context of communication services includes the provision of social and communication support. 41. As noted above, accessibility and reasonable accommodations are two distinct concepts of equality laws and policies: (a) Accessibility duties relate to groups and must be implemented gradually but unconditionally; (b) Reasonable accommodation duties, on the other hand, are individualized, apply immediately to all rights and may be limited by disproportionality. 42. Because the gradual realization of accessibility in the built environment, public transportation and information and communication services may take time, reasonable accommodation may be used as a means to provide access to an individual in the meantime, as it is an immediate duty. The Committee calls upon States parties to be guided by its general comment No. 2 (2014) on accessibility. E. Article 11 on situations of risk and humanitarian emergencies 43. Non-discrimination must be ensured in situations of risk and humanitarian emergencies, based also on obligations in international humanitarian law, including humanitarian disarmament law, to address the increased risk inherent in such situations, of discrimination against persons with disabilities. 44. Internationally displaced persons with disabilities and/or refugees with disabilities often lack equal access to basic necessities, such as water, sanitation, food and shelter. For example, accessible hygiene facilities like latrines and showers often do not exist or are insufficient. 45. Women and girls with disabilities in situations of risk and humanitarian emergencies are at a particularly increased risk of violence, including sexual violence, exploitation or abuse and are less likely to be able to have access to recovery and rehabilitation services or access to justice.13 46. States parties are therefore required to ensure the principle of non-discrimination in all programmes and actions. This means to include on an equal basis persons with disabilities in national emergency protocols, to fully recognize persons with disabilities in evacuation scenarios, to provide for accessible information and communication helplines 13 See general comment No. 3, paras. 49–50. 11