16 GENDER PERSPECTIVES ON TORTURE: Law and Practice violence may order inadequate restitution because s/he fails to understand the scope of the harm. The Justice Institute Model ensures that judges and other training participants will have the requi­ site knowledge to provide adequate restitution. By bringing together individuals from social service sectors with government actors, the Justice Institute helps rehabilitate survivors of gender-based violence by improving legal and social ser­ vices. When these actors work together, access to resources increases for victims. Any increase in empathy of service providers increases comfort levels for victims to utilize the services. Creating this comfort creates real opportunities for victims to pursue rehabilitation services, thus giving States the ability to provide reparations through rehabilitation.52 The Justice Institute particularly affects reparations by improving a State’s ability to provide sat­ isfaction and guarantees of non-repetition. Satisfaction may not always be something that victims of gender-based violence want because of the shame and self-blame associated, however, where victims want a public venue for the disclosure of truth, it is integral that courts provide access to justice for victims. As discussed above, this access is often impeded by bias and misunderstanding of gender-based violence, something that the Justice Institute directly addresses. Perhaps the most significant category of reparation that the Justice Institute impacts is the guar­ antee of non-repetition. Here, a State guarantees that it will take measures to prevent the act of gender-based violence the victim suffered through. By training government actors in a holistic and thorough manner, the Justice Institute helps the State develop protocols and other measures that improve its practical response to gender-based violence along with challenging attitudes amongst participants that may help prevent this violence from happening in the future. Prevention. The most difficult element of due diligence is prevention. The impact of a preven­ tion method is difficult to assess because a community may experience less gender-based violence after the implementation of a prevention method, however, the cause of a decrease cannot always be linked to the specific method. Despite the difficulty of drawing a causal link, good preven­ tion methods often combine awareness of gender-based violence, knowledge of services, and legal protection after an incident.53 Some successful prevention programs include family violence ini­ tiatives, gender-sensitive education, and legal literacy programs.54 These programs aim to create networks and active partnerships between various stakeholders empowering those stakeholders to create awareness of the issues facing victims of gender-based violence. This is something the Justice Institute successfully does by linking people together who often create long term rela­ tionships and help each other create awareness campaigns and other programs that help bring attention to gender-based violence. These partnerships last long after the duration of the Institute, facilitating opportunities for States to fulfill the prong of their due diligence obligation to prevent gender-based violence. 52 See generally, Katie L. Pummell, Empathetic Cops: The Impact on Victims of Domestic Violence 164 (2017) (Senior Honors Thesis, The College at Brokport), available at: http://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/honors/164; see also Rebecca Campbell, The community response to rape: Victims’ experiences with the legal, medical, and mental health systems, 26(3) American Journal of Community Psychology 355-379 (1998); see also W. David Allen, The reporting and underreporting of rape, 73(3) Southern Economic Journal 623-641 (2007). 53 See Abdul Aziz and Moussa, supra note 6 at 13. 54 See id. at 11-12.