126 uL stration and eV tting in post-communist Albania inter-linked with civic trust in governmental institutions procedures are crucial for “the restoration of the public’s confidence.”27 United Nation define vetting wider than studies conducted in post-communist countries, including a person’s financial propriety. United Nation qualifies vetting important for the trust of citizens: Vetting “can be defined as assessing integrity to determine suitability for public employment. Integrity refers to an employee’s adherence to international standards of human rights and professional conduct, including vetting. Public employees who are personally responsible for gross violations of human rights or serious crimes under international law revealed a basic lack of integrity and breached the trust of the citizens they were meant to serve. The citizens, in particular the victims of abuses, are unlikely to trust and rely on a public institution that retains or hires individuals with serious integrity deficits, which would fundamentally impair the institution’s capacity to deliver its mandate. Vetting processes aim at excluding from public service persons with serious integrity deficits in order to (re-)establish civic trust and (re-) legitimize public institutions”28. Transitional justice measures, such as lustration and vetting are inter-linked with civic trust in governmental institutions. To assess the correlation between lustration laws and practice and the level of civil trust, it is worth looking into parliamentarian and public debate, continuing with the approval of the laws and their implementation will be discussed in this paper to prove to which extent this process effected in civic trust in governmental institutions in post-communist Albania. Parliamentarian debates about TJ measures in Albania 1991-2001 show that law reforms were introduced and discussed for the period 1991-2001. In addition, surveys, international and nation reports on human rights, democracy and civic trust in governmental institutions are conducted and published during transition in Albania. Statistics on the number of persons lustrated/ vetted from Verification Commission during 1995-2001 and from Albania Authority on Access to Information on the former State Security Service (the Authority) 2015-ongoing and other data such as number of trials, number of explosions from office during 1995-2001 are used in this paper to argue the link of lustration and vetting implementation with civic trust in public institutions. TJ MEASURES IN ALBANIA In post-communist Albania were implemented the following transitional justice measures: trials, reparation and compensation, apologies, memorials education and culture, amnesties, security and sector reform, vetting and lustration. Also, literature, theater, movies, and social media about past wrongdoings. The table illustrates that during 1991-2001 were implemented seven Transitional Justice measures (Table 1). 27. Andreu-Guzmán, Federico ‘Due process and Vetting’ in A. Mayer-Riechkh and P. de Greiff (ed.) Justice as Prevention: Vetting Public Employees in Transitional Societies, New York 2007, pp. 448-481: ICTJ and Social Science Research Council 28. Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) as Rule-of-Law Tools for Post-Conflict States — Vetting: An Operational Framework (New York and Geneva: OHCHR, 2006)

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