The Death Penalty in the OSCE Area Statistics The Bureau of Justice Statistics is the unit of the United States Department of Justice responsible for collecting and disseminating information on death sentences and executions. Death sentences According to the most recent data released by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, there were 3,158 inmates on death row as of 31 December 2010. The U.S. response to ODIHR’s questionnaire did not provide more recent statistics. However as of April 2012, the number of known death row inmates reported by NGOs was 3,170.102 Reports suggest that, on average, inmates spend 15 years on death row.103 Executions The response to ODIHR’s questionnaire stated that there were 43 executions carried out in 2011: 13 in Texas, six in Alabama, five in Ohio, four each in Arizona and Georgia, two each in Florida, Mississippi and Oklahoma, and one each in Delaware, Idaho, Missouri, South Carolina and Virginia. According to the Death Penalty Information Center, 41 individuals were executed during the exact reporting period. Texas performed the most executions during the reporting period, according to this report. Of the individuals executed during the reporting period, 58.5 per cent were “White”, 21.95 per cent were “Latino” and 19.5 per cent were “Black”.104 According to the 2010 United States Census, the respective shares in total U.S. population are 72.4 per cent “White”, 16.3 per cent “Hispanic or Latino”, 12.6 per cent “Black or African American”.105 102  “Report by the Criminal Justice Project of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc”, 2012, <http:// www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/documents/DRUSASpring2012.pdf>. 103  Jacqueline Macalesher, “Death row phenomenon and the circumstances under which it could amount to torture or other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment”, Expert consultation “The death penalty: ‘Most serious crimes’, complicity and the question of torture”, 25-26 June 2012, <http://www.penalreform.org/files/Expert%20Consultation%20-%20death%20row%20phenomenon%20presentation%2026June2012.pdf>. 104  The categorization of the race of death row inmates executed during the reporting period was taken from information supplied by the Death Penalty Information Center. The DPIC’s execution database can be found here: <http://www. deathpenaltyinfo.org/views-executions>. 105  “The Black Population 2010, 2010 Census Briefs”, www.census.gov, September 2011, <http://www.census.gov/ prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-06.pdf>; “The Hispanic Population 2010, 2010 Census Briefs”, www.census.gov, May 2011, <http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-04.pdf>; “The White Population 2010, 2010 Census Briefs”, www.census.gov, September 2011, <http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf>. . 21