MONITORING PLACES OF DETENTION : A PRACTICAL GUIDE FOR NGOS 87 PROTECTION MEASURES 2 The aim of this section is to examine the different kinds of measure which enable penal systems to function smoothly while safeguarding the rights of those deprived of their liberty. Thus, while it is essential that order be maintained within the prison, discipline can be exercised only according to clearly and strictly defined rules and procedures. Disciplinary sanctions must be accompanied by guarantees, and it must be possible for detainees to address complaints effectively, easily, and without risk of reprisals, to entities both within the establishment and outside it. Independent inspection mechanisms also play a role in monitoring respect for the rights of persons deprived of their liberty. Lastly, other measures help to guarantee that the establishment is run in a non-arbitrary fashion and/or to monitor the way it is run, namely: separating the different categories of detainee, keeping registers, and informing people about how the establishment functions. Protection Measures ■ Informing the persons deprived of liberty; ■ Inspection; ■ Disciplinary procedures; ■ Complaints procedures; ■ Registers; ■ Separation of categories of detainees.