Training and Technical Assistance In his 2005 report to the Commission on Human Rights, the former UN Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment highlighted the need to control the provision of technical assistance and training that may be used to facilitate acts of torture and other ill-treatment: “A number of States are important providers of training and assistance to the military, security or police forces of foreign States. This training and assistance may have the potential to benefit recipient communities by providing better-skilled military or law enforcement officers who respect the rule of law and seek to promote and protect the rights of the civilian population. However, unless such transfers are stringently controlled and independently monitored, there is a danger that they will be used to facilitate torture and other ill-treatment.”376 A number of CoE State entities provide technical assistance and/or associated training to law enforcement officials from other CoE States and beyond. For example the UK College of Police has previously provided international policing assistance and training in 66 countries in all regions of the world. 377Concerns about the nature of such UK training in certain countries, notably Saudi Arabia, have been raised by the media and UK NGO Reprieve.378 A number of commercial companies based in CoE member States provide training and associated technical assistance to police and prison staff in many third countries on a range of topics. For example, Bonowi International Police Equipment Co., Ltd. (Germany) organises training on topics including baton tactical training, handcuff tactical training and empty-hand combat.379 Bonowi has a dedicated training room in Guilin, China,380 and has held training courses in at least five Chinese cities.381 Bonowi has also trained law enforcement and/or 376 Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on the question of torture, Theo Van Boven, Commission on Human Rights (E/CN.4/2005/62), 15 December 2004, paragraph 31. 377 FAQ on the College's work in international training, UK College of Policing, http://www.college.police.uk/News/College-news/Pages/International-FAQ.aspx. (accessed 30 November 2017). 378 UK ‘has not checked’ whether Saudi police training led to torture, Reprieve, 22 September 2016, https://www.reprieve.org.uk/press/uk-has-not-checked-whether-saudi-police-training-led-to-torture/ (accessed 30 December 2017); Vallance, C., Torture fears as British police train Saudis, World at One, BBC Radio 4, 7 June 2016, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-36468268 (accessed 30 November 2017). 379 Bonowi China website, http://www.bonowi.cn/en/?p=4839 (accessed 30 November 2017). Bonowi IPE GmbH Facebook page, post uploaded on 21 August 2016, https://www.facebook.com/217694444950514/photos/pcb.1074602472593036/1074602442593039/?type=3&th eater (accessed 13 December 2017). 381 Bonowi IPE GmbH Facebook page, post uploaded on 6 July 2016 reads: “Bonowi China Training in 5 Großstädten mit Jared Wihongi” [Bonwi China Training in five major cities with Jared Wihongi] https://www.facebook.com/BonowiIPE/posts/1041137235939560 (accessed December 2017). 380 71