CAT/OP/C/57/4 persons, and the result of the respective investigations, as well develop appropriate models of data collection, processing and analysis. 76. In cases of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons deprived of liberty in any place of detention, State authorities must recognize specific risks, identify those who are in a vulnerable situation, and protect them in ways that do not leave them isolated. Special attention should be paid to ascertaining the reasons for arrest, and specific policies must be developed in relation to searches, intake and interrogation. To that end, some correctional agencies use written instruments to screen all incoming prisoners for risk of sexual assault as a means of supporting evidence-based policies and procedures on housing and programming. States must put in place measures to prevent discriminatory disciplinary measures. In particular, decisions on the housing of transgender persons should be done on a case-by-case basis, considering seriously their views as to their safety and, to the extent possible, with their informed consent. The specificity of the needs of transgender persons makes the involvement of transgender activists and experts particularly desirable. 77. As with other groups, communities and populations in situation of vulnerability, it is imperative that States put measures in place to identify and properly address the specific health needs of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. That includes the highly specific needs of transgender persons, including hormone and other treatment associated with gender transition. 78. Solitary confinement, isolation and administrative segregation are not appropriate methods of managing the security of persons, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, and can be justified only if used as a last resort, under exceptional circumstances, for the shortest possible time and with adequate procedural safeguards. 79. The Subcommittee has made recommendations to States parties on providing training and awareness-raising on international human rights standards and principles of equality and non-discrimination, including in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. Those measures should be aimed at prison staff, law enforcement personnel, prosecutors, judges and other relevant State officers, and should include training on how to communicate effectively and professionally with lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex detainees and how to identify and respond to their legitimate needs. 80. In placing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex migrants, refugees and asylum seekers in any form of detention, authorities must avoid exposing them to a risk of ill-treatment and torture, and take into account their medical needs. If the security of the person cannot be guaranteed in detention, alternatives must be considered. States must have mechanisms in place to consider the manner in which certain existing benefits, such as extended visits, will need to be tailored so that they include lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons. 81. States must ban so-called “conversion therapy”, involuntary treatment, forced sterilization and forced genital and anal examinations; they should also ensure that any medical or psychological treatment or counselling does not, explicitly or implicitly, approach sexual orientation and gender identity as medical conditions to be treated, cured or suppressed. In particular, the prevention of harmful medical practices must extend to protection for intersex children, and medically unnecessary procedures must be banned. 82. That work should be accompanied by extensive public awareness campaigns on the prevention of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons, and information campaigns on how and where to bring claims before competent authorities. 16