01005713 Case File No. 002/19-09-2007/ECCC/TC E313 “democratic centralism” as founding principles of the Party. According to NUON Chea, “the Party had to be built from the countryside [and] the city, using the countryside as a support base, [and] the city as the fuse.”221 87. From 28 to 30 September 1960222, the First Party Congress was secretly convened in a disused building where UK Sokun resided at the railway station in Phnom Penh to adopt the statute and to appoint the leadership committee. 223 This new party was initially called the Workers’ Party of Kampuchea and later renamed the Communist Party of Kampuchea.224 According to KHIEU Samphan, the members of the Phnom Penh City Committee later formed the membership of the Central Committee of the CPK.225 TOU Samuth was appointed Secretary and NUON Chea was appointed Deputy Secretary of the Party, with POL Pot, SAO Phim and MA Mang as the other members of the Standing Committee.226 In addition, Central Committee members were recruited, including TOU Samuth, NUON Chea, POL Pot, MA Mang, IENG Sary, KEO Meas, Chong and VORN Vet. 227 According to NUON Chea, SON Sen was also appointed a candidate or alternate member of the Standing Committee at that time and Chong was not.228 In addition to representatives of urban areas, the Party invited ten to fifteen representatives from rural areas to study the 221 NUON Chea Interview by KHEM Ngun, E3/3, Undated, p. 15, ERN (En) 00184666; See Section 5: Administrative Structures, paras 223-228 (on democratic centralism). 222 Two weeks before the First Congress, Vietnamese in Hanoi made official their decision to fight in South Vietnam “to liberate the south from the rule of the American imperialists and their henchmen” and three months later the National Liberation Front was established to that end. Book by E. BECKER: When the War was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution, E3/20, 1986, p. 93, ERN (En) 00237798. 223 T. 22 November 2011 (NUON Chea), p. 82; Revolutionary Flag, E3/11, September 1977, p. 15, ERN (En) 00486226; IENG Sary Interview by Stephen HEDER, E3/89, 17 December 1996, pp. 33-34, ERN (En) 00417631-32 (UK Sokun); Book by KHIEU S.: Considerations on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the Period of Democratic Kampuchea, E3/16, pp. 10-12, ERN (En) 0049822931; NUON Chea Interview by KHEM Ngun, E3/3, Undated, p. 11, ERN (En) 00184662. 224 T. 5 December 2011 (NUON Chea), pp. 65-66, 69; Book by E. BECKER: When the War was Over: Cambodia and the Khmer Rouge Revolution, E3/20, 1986, 1986, p. 93, ERN (En) 00237798. 225 Book by KHIEU S.: Considerations on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the Period of Democratic Kampuchea, E3/16, p. 10, ERN (En) 00498229. 226 T. 22 November 2011 (NUON Chea), p. 82; IENG Sary Interview by Stephen HEDER, E3/89, 17 December 1996, p. 33, ERN (En) 00417631; NUON Chea Interview by KHEM Ngun, E3/3, Undated, p. 11, ERN (En) 00184662. 227 Article by NUON C.: Past Struggle of Our Kampuchean Peasants From 1954 to 1970, E3/131, , pp. 11-12, ERN (En) 00716419-20; T. 10 January 2012 (NUON Chea), pp. 19-25, 35; IENG Sary Interview by Stephen HEDER, E3/89, 17 December 1996, p. 33, ERN (En) 00417631; See Section 5: Administrative Structures, para. 202. 228 T. 10 January 2012 (NUON Chea), pp. 24-25, 32-36; See Section 5: Administrative Structures, paras 202-203 for the distinction between the Central and Standing Committees. Case 002/01, Judgement, 7 August 2014 - Public 46