4.10 Programme Office in Astana in Persons conference “Trafficking in Children and the Best Interests of the Child”, in Vienna. On 15 and 16 June, the Office participated in a workshop in Astana titled “Prevention of Trafficking in Human Beings in Supply Chains through Government Practices and Measures” jointly organized by the Foreign Ministry and the Office of the OSCE Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings. The event gathered representatives from international organizations, NGOs and participating States (Azerbaijan, Denmark, France, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Mongolia, Russian Federation, Serbia, Sweden, Turkmenistan, UK and USA), as well as experts from Australia and Brazil. Participants examined how national authorities can effectively implement OSCE commitments which encourage participating States to work with the private sector to apply principles of due diligence and transparency when assessing and addressing risks of labour exploitation throughout supply chains. On 14 September, the Office facilitated the official presentation of an OSCE-supported analytical report, produced by the Human Rights Commission (HRC) under the President and presented by the Chairman of the HRC on the rights of migrant workers and human trafficking victims in Kazakhstan. The event brought together some 200 participants, high-level government officials, including Foreign and Labour Ministers, parliamentarians, representatives of the judiciary, civil society, the diplomatic corps and international organizations. The report provides an assessment of the situation with the rights of migrant workers and trafficking victims, and offers specific recommendations for the protection of their civil, social, labour, economic and cultural rights. On 20 September, in the framework of annual re-training courses for judges, the Office jointly with the Academy of Public Administration under the President and the US Embassy, co-organized a one-day training seminar on the judicial protection of victims’ rights in a series of events aimed to combat THB. Some 40 regional court judges handling criminal, civil and administrative cases from courts across the country took part in the seminar. On 3 November, in Almaty, the Office in partnership with the Committee of Labour, Social Protection and Migration under the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of Population supported roundtable discussion on Kazakhstan’s recently adopted 2017–2021 Migration Policy Concept Paper, which addresses regulating external, internal, and ethnic migration in the country. Some 40 representatives of central and regional migration and internal affairs government bodies, business associations and civil society organizations 118 participated in the event. Participants paid special attention to labour admission policies and identified measures to improve migration administration in Kazakhstan in line with best international practices. On 29 November, the Office jointly with the Justice Academy under Supreme Court and the US Embassy, co-organized a training seminar on the judicial protection of victims’ rights. It was the seventh in a series of events aimed to combat THB. Some 40 regional court judges handling criminal, civil and administrative cases from courts from across the country took part in the seminar. Cybercrime From 19 to 23 June, the Office supported a training course on countering the internet-based narcotics trade, organized by the US Embassy in Kazakhstan and the US Central Command (CENTCOM). The course focused on specialized investigative techniques for some 20 representatives of the State Revenue Committee of the Ministry of Finance of Kazakhstan and the MoIA. Experts of the US Global Training Team shared their experience of web-based procurement technology monitoring, the seizure of illicit drug transactions proceeds, the Internet Protocol (IP) address misuse, e-mail exploitation, website investigations, manipulation of social media and instant messaging, and undercover internet investigations. From 22 to 23 September in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, the Office supported the participation of the Vice-Minister of Defence and Aerospace Industry at a seminar organized by TNTD entitled “Sub-regional Conference on the Role of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) in the Context of Regional and International Security”. From 9 to 13 October, the Office supported a ToT course on countering cybercrime for representatives of law enforcement agencies in Almaty. The event was co-organized with the US Embassy in Kazakhstan and CARICC. Some 12 officials from the MoIA, the Prosecutor General’s Office and its Law Enforcement Academy and the State Revenues Committee of the Ministry of Finance attended the course. Future trainers went through the fundamentals of computer hardware, networks, countering hacking techniques, information security, Internet resources and handling of electronic evidence. From 4 to 8 December, in Almaty, the Office, in co-operation with the UNODC’s Regional Office for Central Asia and the International Centre for Mission and Exploited Children with financial support from the Kingdom of Norway, supported training seminar on countering cyber-enabled sexual crimes against children. Some 20 government officials representing the Interior Ministries, National Security Committees and