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57.
Although no longer requiring involuntary placement, a patient may nevertheless still
need treatment and/or a protected environment in the outside community. In this connection, the
CPT has found, in a number of countries, that patients whose mental state no longer required
them to be detained in a psychiatric establishment nevertheless remained in such establishments,
due to a lack of adequate care/accommodation in the outside community. For persons to remain
deprived of their liberty as a result of the absence of appropriate external facilities is a highly
questionable state of affairs.
G.
Final remarks
58.
The organisational structure of health-care services for persons with psychiatric
disorders varies from country to country, and is certainly a matter for each State to determine.
Nevertheless, the CPT wishes to draw attention to the tendency in a number of countries to
reduce the number of beds in large psychiatric establishments and to develop community-based
mental health units. The Committee considers this is a very favourable development, on
condition that such units provide a satisfactory quality of care.
It is now widely accepted that large psychiatric establishments pose a significant risk
of institutionalisation for both patients and staff, the more so if they are situated in isolated
locations. This can have a detrimental effect on patient treatment. Care programmes drawing on
the full range of psychiatric treatment are much easier to implement in small units located close
to the main urban centres.
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