&RQWHQWV Activities during the period 1 August 2010 to 31 July 2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Periodic visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ad hoc visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monitoring on behalf of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7 7 8 9 Plenary meetings and activities of subgroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Contacts with other bodies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Access to a lawyer as a means of preventing ill-treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Publication of CPT visit reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Selected publications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the periodic visit to Georgia in February 2010 and response of the Georgian authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the periodic visit to Ireland in January/February 2010 and response of the Irish authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the ad hoc visit to Lithuania in June 2010 and response of the Lithuanian authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the periodic visit to Malta in May 2008 and response of the Maltese authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the periodic visit to Poland in November/December 2009 and response of the Polish authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the ad hoc visit to Romania in September/October 2009 and response of the Romanian authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on the periodic visit to Turkey in June 2009 and response of the Turkish authorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 24 26 28 30 31 33 35 Solitary confinement of prisoners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 The principles involved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Types of solitary confinement and their legitimacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 The decision of placement in solitary confinement: procedures and safeguards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Material conditions in solitary confinement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Regimes in solitary confinement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 The role of health-care staff in solitary confinement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 

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