16  •  Democratization of trial-monitoring methodologies and fair trial rights, ODIHR, in co-operation with the OSCE Project Co-ordinator in Ukraine and USAID, conducted two rounds of training workshops in July and December 2015, respectively in Kyiv. These activities gathered some 40 NGO representatives, representing more than 25 different NGOs from various regions of Ukraine. From 29 June to 1 July in Warsaw, ODIHR, in co-operation with the Swedish Folke Bernadotte Academy, organized the Annual Trial Monitoring Meeting, which brought together some 30 participants from OSCE field operations and NGOs. For the first time, this annual meeting had a special thematic focus: on monitoring administrative justice. Criminal Justice Reform In 2015, ODIHR initiated research to examine the potential impact of criminal justice reforms that introduced more adversarial models of criminal procedure on fair-trial rights and rights of victims in six jurisdictions in South-Eastern Europe. Three field assessments – in Sarajevo, Zagreb and Podgorica – were completed between May and December 2015, with the objective of collecting statistics and the views of legal practitioners in the region concerning the new procedures. Once the field visits and desk research are completed, ODIHR will issue an assessment report to highlight the main findings and provide recommendations for improvement in guaranteeing fair-trial rights under the new criminal procedure models. In 2015, ODIHR supported criminal justice reform efforts in Kyrgyzstan by reviewing and commenting on the country’s new draft Criminal Procedure Code and providing concrete recommendations for amendments. In addition, ODIHR, in co-operation with the Council of Europe’s Venice Commission, reviewed draft amendments to prosecution-related legislation in Moldova and Georgia. Throughout 2015, ODIHR also contributed to criminal justice reforms in Moldova and Serbia, by commenting on the legal framework on preventing and combating domestic violence in Moldova and draft legislation on police of Serbia. Supporting the Adjudication of War Crimes ODIHR completed its War Crimes Justice Project (WCJP) - Phase II through the conduct of the last peerto-peer meeting in May 2015 in Sarajevo, which focused on the work of war crimes investigators. Whether placed in specialized departments of ODIHR ANNUAL TRIAL-MONITORING MEETINGS Since 2002 ODIHR has organized and supported OSCE trial-monitoring meetings to offer a platform for sharing challenges and good field practices in the area of trial monitoring. From 2002 to 2006, the Annual Trial-Monitoring Meetings were conducted only at a regional level in South-Eastern Europe, where the largest OSCE Missions conduct a variety of trial-monitoring programmes. Since 2011, when ODIHR began including NGO participants in its Annual TrialMonitoring Meeting, their number has tripled. While the total number of participants remained stable at around 50 over the years, the percentage of NGO participants increased from 20 per cent to approximately 65 per cent. The meeting, with its thematic focus on monitoring administrative justice, dedicated a considerable amount of time to the issue of access to administrative justice for vulnerable persons, and in particular, for persons with disabilities. People with disabilities face multiple forms of discrimination in their interaction with public administration. It is, therefore, of crucial importance that they can seek and obtain effective judicial remedies in order to uphold their rights.

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