The conditions in which the hearings of the liberty and custody judge take place are heterogeneous. This must not be allowed to continue. While we should not impose too strict formalities as regards the layout of the rooms at the expense of the principle of mobile hearings, it appears necessary for the courts and the hospital supervisors to jointly identify the best practices and make them known via national directives and, locally, via training courses, awareness campaigns or sharing between healthcare professionals, judges and lawyers. 2. In prison, the persistence and concentration of prison overcrowding coincides dangerously with an insufficient number of prison warders Since 2012, the CGLPL, having visited almost all of the penal institutions2, has undertaken a series of second visits. Most often, since the first visit, the vocation of the institution has remained unchanged, as has its structure, and sometimes, even the same managers are still in place. Therefore, the inspectors are capable of making comparisons and measuring the consequences of their earlier recommendations. In numerous cases, the situations remained unchanged and the commitments made after the first visits were either partially upheld, or not at all. Sometimes, the building itself prevents any true progress, even when certain superficial measures are implemented, such as repainting, for example. Sometimes, the situation had rather worsened. Of course, there are also cases where the new visit of the CGLPL showed improvements, often caused by changes in the prison administration department teams. For these reasons, the CGLPL set up a procedure for following up on its recommendations and is happy to note that, for its part, the prison administration department has done the same. In general, the inspectors noted in several visits that there was an increase in tensions and violence in prisons: while their number has increased only slightly, they are much more violent in nature. Thus, in certain institutions, a large portion of the prison population chose to distance themselves in various ways to ensure their own safety. This point will be given special attention by the CGLPL during the 2016 visits. In addition, the older observations of the CGLPL and the related recommendations still remain pertinent. For example, as regards maintaining family bonds, which is essential for reintegration, the Contrôleur général regrets that some penal institutions still do not have family living units, and that when they do exist, they are not used very often due to red tape or due to the fact that confidentiality in the visiting rooms is still not fully ensured due to poor soundproofing or due to the continuous presence of warders. As regards access to work, the CGLPL, deploring the fact that the Constitutional Council declared the organisation of work for incarcerated persons to be compliant with our Constitution, wishes for the law to clearly indicate the role of work in prison in terms of preparing the prisoner for integration or re-integration, to define broader rules concerning labour relations, especially concerning the breaking of these relations and remuneration, and to determine the general framework of the rules of security and protection of the worker in prisons. However, the legal 2 Some institutions, such as the prisons of Orléans-Saran and Vendin-le-Vieil, have not yet been visited, due to the fact that they have opened quite recently. 21

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