Rights behind bars: Access to justice for victims of violent crime suffered in pre-trial or immigration detention Acronyms CAT CJEU COE CPT ECHR ECtHR EPR EU FRA HRC NGO NPM OPCAT SPT UN UNCAT WHO Committee against Torture Court of Justice of the European Union Council of Europe European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms European Court of Human Rights European Prison Rules European Union EU Fundamental Rights Agency UN Human Rights Council Non-Governmental Organisation National Preventive Mechanism under OPCAT Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment World Health Organisation Definitions “2012 Directive”: Directive 2012/29/EU establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime. “2004 Directive”: Directive 2004/80/EC relating to compensation to crime victims. “Charter”: Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. “Detention”: Pre-trial and immigration detention. “Detention Administration”: Immigration and pre-trial detention administration at the level of the individual detention centre. “Detention Practitioners”: Practitioners working in the field of detention, including the Detention Staff itself (medical, psycho-social and security), lawyers, monitoring bodies, detainees support services, civil society, etc. “Detention Centres”: Pre-trial and immigration detention centres. “Detention Staff”: Staff employed by Detention Administration and other Public Authorities working in Detention Centres (medical, psycho-social and security). “Prison”: May also be used to refer to pre-trial detention centre. “Law Enforcement Authorities”: Authorities leading criminal justice investigations and prosecutions (e.g. police, prosecutors and investigating judges). “Member States”: Member States of the EU. “Public Authorities”: Ministry of Justice or Ministry of the Interior or any public authority in charge of Detention Centres. “Victims’ Rights”: Victims’ rights as defined under the 2012 Directive and 2004 Directive. “Victim Support Services”: Support services referred to in the 2012 Directive (whether, NGOs or public entities). 5