A/HRC/13/39 Contents Page I. Introduction............................................................................................................. 1–2 3 II. Activities of the Special Rapporteur ....................................................................... 3–20 3 A. Communications concerning human rights violations.................................... 4 3 B. Country visits ................................................................................................. 5–6 3 C. Highlights of key presentations and consultations.......................................... 7–16 4 D. Press statements.............................................................................................. 17–20 5 The mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the question of torture and State cooperation.............................................................................................................. 21–41 5 A. Country visits ................................................................................................. 29–34 7 B. Follow-up to country visits............................................................................. 35–36 9 C. Individual communications ............................................................................ 37–39 9 D. Reports to the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly ................. 40–41 10 ............................................................................................................... 42–58 10 A. What is torture? .............................................................................................. 43–44 10 B. Context that allows torture to happen............................................................. 45–56 11 C. Remedies and reparation ................................................................................ 57–58 14 Cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment........................................... 59–64 15 Distinguishing cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment from torture ............................................................................................................. 60 15 B. Excessive use of force by law enforcement bodies ........................................ 61 16 C. Privately inflicted harm .................................................................................. 62 16 D. Corporal punishment ...................................................................................... 63 17 E. Conditions of detention .................................................................................. 64 17 VI. Non-refoulement ..................................................................................................... 65–67 17 VII. Conclusions and recommendations......................................................................... 68–77 18 III. IV. V. Torture A. 2 Paragraphs GE.10-10042

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