CAT/C/49/D/464/2011
determining that a particular person would be in danger of being subjected to torture on
return to that country; additional grounds must be adduced to show that the individual
concerned would be personally at risk. Conversely, the absence of a consistent pattern of
flagrant violations of human rights does not mean that a person might not be subjected to
torture in his or her specific circumstances.
8.4
The Committee recalls its general comment No. 1 on the implementation of article 3
of the Convention, in which it states that the risk of torture must be assessed on grounds
that go beyond mere theory or suspicion. Although the risk does not have to meet the test of
being highly probable, the Committee recalls that the burden of proof normally falls upon
the complainant, who must present an arguable case establishing that he runs a
“foreseeable, real and personal” risk. The Committee also recalls that, as set forth in its
general comment No. 1, while it gives considerable weight to the findings of fact of the
State party’s bodies, it is entitled freely to assess the facts of each case, taking into account
the specific circumstances.
8.5
In the present case, the Committee notes that the State party has accepted that the
complainant was detained by the Taliban while he was working on a road construction
project, and that the Taliban subjected him to serious violence, causing him at least one
broken rib. The Committee also notes that the State party considered that the complainant
would not risk outrages by the Taliban upon his return since he was not individually
persecuted, he had given them a false identity, and he was able to live in Afghanistan
without further problems. The Committee notes that the State party argues that the
complainant’s claim as to the alleged torture inflicted by the Afghan authorities was not
credible due to diverging statements about his place of origin, and the circumstances of his
detention and escape from prison. The Committee also notes the State party’s argument that
the Immigration Service interviews and the Danish Refugee Appeals Board hearing were
held with the assistance of an interpreter working to and from Pashto and that the
complainant made no comments about language problems. The Committee further notes
that despite the complainant’s request, the Board considered that a specialized medical
examination was unnecessary since his statements were contradictory.
8.6
The Committee notes that the complainant contests the State party’s assessment as
to the risk he would face if returned to Afghanistan. He claims that he would be at risk of
persecution by the Taliban and the Afghan authorities. The Committee notes that the
complainant claims that the State party has not explained why the uncontested claim
concerning the violence he was subjected to by the Taliban is not relevant under asylum
law, and that the authorities failed to assess whether the Afghan authorities would be able
to protect him against possible reprisals from the Taliban. As to his claim about the
violence inflicted by the Afghan authorities, the Committee also notes that the complainant
claims that the State party based its assessment about the credibility of his claim on the
divergent statements he gave within the asylum proceedings, that his statement’s
inconsistency stemmed from inadequate language interpretation, and that he was unable to
check it since he is illiterate. He further argues that although he requested the Refugee
Appeals Board for a specialized medical examination in order to verify whether he has
signs of torture, and showed the Board alleged signs of torture on his hands and one leg or
foot, the Board rejected his request for asylum without ordering this examination.
8.7
The Committee observes that it is not disputed that the complainant was detained by
the Taliban and subjected to violence, causing him at least one broken rib. The Committee
also observes however that the complainant’s allegation of persecution by Taliban is mainly
related to his father’s and brother’s activities, that they were killed around 2006 or 2007,
that there is no claim that this persecution continues against any other member of the
family, including the complainant, and that his detention and ill-treatment was not related to
a personal persecution. The Committee further observes that after this incident the
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