UN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FIELD UN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FIELD BANGLADESH Peace and Security (PS) Population size1 Surface area1 Human Development Index2 NHRI (if applicable)3 166.37 million 148,000 km² 0.608 (rank: 138/188 in 2016) Status B, 2015 Type of engagement Human Rights Adviser Year established 2018 (following earlier deployment 2014-2016) Field office(s) Dhaka UN partnership framework United Nations Development Assistance Framework 2017-2020 Staff as of 31 December 2018 2 XB requirements 2018 US$242,000 Key OMP pillars in 2018 123 Please refer to Data sources and notes on p.191. KEY PILLAR RESULTS: Mechanisms (M) M1 – The Government regularly submits reports to the treaty bodies. By building the capacity of local partners, the Office and the UN in Bangladesh sought to contribute to increased engagement with and submission of substantive inputs to the human rights mechanisms. Consistent engagement with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and other authorities, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), civil society and the development partner community regarding the preparation, conduct and follow-up to the review of Bangladesh by the UPR led to increased awareness of critical human rights issues. The Government committed to following up on the UPR and treaty body outcomes and to developing an implementation plan. In August, a stakeholder dialogue was held with civil 254 UN HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2018 Spotlights: society, and follow-up was supported on key issues such as laws discriminating against women, and constraints on civic space and freedom of expression. The Office advocated with MoFA for the submission of Bangladesh’s outstanding State Party report to CAT for review in 2019. The review is scheduled to take place even in the absence of the report, which has been overdue for 19 years. PS5 – The UN system will systematically integrate a human rights-based approach into programming related to the humanitarian relief operations and in support of the dignified, safe and sustainable repatriation of the Rohingya refugee population. Population size1 Surface area1 Human Development Index2 NHRI (if applicable)3 16.25 million 181,000 km² 0.582 (rank: 146/188 in 2016) Status A, 2015 Type of engagement Country Office Year established 1993 Field office(s) Phnom Penh UN partnership framework United Nations Development Assistance Framework 2016-2018 From Bangladesh, the Office provided policy-related support to the Rohingya refugee response in Myanmar and sought to advance the integration of human rights norms and principles into the humanitarian response. It further supported the engagement of special procedures and the Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar. Staff as of 31 December 2018 36 Total income US$1,673,774 XB requirements 2018 US$2,962,200 Total XB expenditure US$1,740,197 Advice to the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar included accompanying the Special Rapporteur on two missions to Cox’s Bazar and facilitating engagement with the UNCT, development partners and other stakeholders in Dhaka. Total RB expenditure Personnel Non-personnel 46% 45% 9% $796,201 $785,816 $158,180 Under the Accountability and Participation pillars, the Office advocated for the implementation of the moratorium of the death penalty in the context of drug convictions and for the increased effectiveness and independence of the NHRC. The Bar Association also cooperated with some local prisons to construct new lawyers’ rooms to ensure that prisoners can meet in confidence with their lawyers. Thanks to three existing and new OHCHR grants to civil society partners, legal aid was provided in three types of cases: prisoners with a longstanding, pending appeal, land cases and cases involving persons with disabilities. Although some cases pending appeal were closed, many are still pending due to misplaced case files. In some cases, authorities demanded bribes from lawyers seeking to obtain case files or to accelerate the process or because of difficulties in communication and information sharing between different stakeholders of the criminal justice system. Progress is slow in relation to land cases, but some achievements were made during this period. PSC† US$1,631,591 Personnel Non-personnel 86% 14% $1,399,870 $231,721 Key OMP pillars in 2018 123 The Office engaged with the RC, UN Women and the Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict regarding the impact of sexual violence post conflict. nature of the drafting process ensured compliance of the policy with international human rights standards and significantly extended its scope. OHCHR will continue advocating for the policy to be adopted in 2019. Due in part to OHCHR’s advocacy, the legal aid budget increased and at least one lawyer was delegated to each province. The administrative process of requesting a legal aid lawyer was simplified and made more efficient, resulting in increased access to legal aid for persons in all provinces. CAMBODIA † Please refer to Data sources and notes on p.191. KEY PILLAR RESULTS: Accountability (A) A1 – Laws and policies in the areas of justice and prisons increasingly comply with international human rights standards. The level of compliance of legal aid policy with international human rights norms and standards has significantly improved by providing legal expertise to the drafting and consultation processes. OHCHR produced a legal analysis of amendments to the Constitution and the Criminal Code and identified provisions that are inconsistent with Cambodia’s international obligations. The Office also began an analysis of the draft Law on Surrogacy and undertook consultations in the context of an OHCHR-WHO-UNFPA regional expert meeting on surrogacy that was held in Bangkok. The draft legal aid policy was finalized in 2018. The consultative and participatory Women Shifts: Corruption A1 – Allegations of torture and ill-treatment and cases of mob violence are promptly investigated; perpetrators are prosecuted and sanctioned. Through OHCHR monitoring and advocacy with the Government’s Cambodian Human Rights Committee, some progress was made towards ensuring that authorities investigated all deaths that occurred in custody. The Kandal Provincial Court of First Instance took up a case of a reported People on the move UN HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2018 255