UN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FIELD the transitions in Liberia (UNMIL), Darfur (UNAMID) and Haiti (MINUJUSTH) resulted in a broad acknowledgement that a continuous UN human rights presence is needed to strengthen national protection systems beyond the life of a mission that is independent of the shape of the UN configuration. OHCHR planning is still in progress in Haiti and Darfur. In 2018, OHCHR engaged in strategic planning for the transition of UNAMID, resulting in the inclusion of human rights and the protection of civilians in its three strategic priorities for the two final years of its mandate and transition. Furthermore, the Security Council requested that the Government of Sudan engage with OHCHR to discuss the establishment of a fully mandated OHCHR country office. Through its engagement with the Group of Five for the Sahel, and during Security Council negotiations regarding the financing of the African Union (AU) peace operations, OHCHR contributed to a well-established consensus within the Security Council and in regional institutions that regional peace and security operations must include an effective and robust compliance framework to prevent, investigate and address violations and abuses of international human rights law and international humanitarian law that may be committed in the context of these operations. In 2018, eight human rights components of peace operations issued at least 23 joint public reports (UNAMA, UNAMI, UNSMIL, UNSOM, UNMISS, MINUSCA, MINUSMA, MONUSCO). These included reports on thematic issues, investigations and periodic reporting on the protection of 186 UN HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2018 UN HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE FIELD civilians. In addition, human rights components (MINUSMA, MINUSCA) issued flash reports to provide early warning alerts and prompt responses at the mission level to protect civilians and prevent further violations. Technical support was provided to various UN missions on the implementation of the Human Rights Due Diligence Policy (HRDDP) throughout the year. OHCHR supported the drafting of new standard operating procedures and general risk assessments for HRDDP implementation in MINUJUSTH and UNIOGBIS. In both missions, training was conducted on the performance of risk assessments, risk assessments were finalized in relation to UNPOL support to national security forces and guidance was provided on enhanced implementation of the HRDDP. In the case of MONUSCO, surge capacity support was provided for on-the-job mentoring of new staff, to help coordinate HRDDP activities in the mission with the UNCT and in order to assist the mission leadership to strengthen the implementation of the Policy. An assessment mission was conducted to MINUSCA as a follow-up to the 2017 visit. Additional guidance was provided on the implementation of the HRDDP, particularly in the context of the operationalization of the national security forces. Daily guidance on the applicability of the Policy and the performance of risk assessments was provided, including by holding regular video- or teleconferences with teams in MONUSCO, MINUJUSTH and UNIOGBIS. Support for the implementation of the HRDDP was also provided to UNSOS and UNSOM to ensure that UN support to the AU in Somalia was HRDDP-compliant. Moreover, the HRDDP was implemented and integrated into the context of the AU-UN partnership on peace and security and the UN’s involvement in regional peace operations, such as the Group of Five for the Sahel. Finally, the HRDDP remains an important leveraging tool for ensuring that an adequate human rights compliance framework is integrated into proposals for UN support to AU or regional security operations. HUMAN RIGHTS ADVISERS IN UNITED NATIONS COUNTRY TEAMS Human Rights Advisers are deployed at the request of resident coordinators on behalf of the UNCTs. Advisers support and assist the resident coordinators, Heads of UN agencies and members of UNCTs to integrate human rights into their programming strategies and ensure coherent and coordinated UN responses to requests for technical support and advisory services from State institutions and other partners to build and strengthen national human rights capacities. A particular focus of the work of the HRAs is to provide human rights expertise in the context of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. The UNCTs and State partners working on the ground underscored the importance of technical support to enhance human rights-based data collection, with an emphasis on efforts to leave no one behind, an area noted by States in their requests and engagement for technical cooperation and advisory services by the United Nations on the ground. Throughout the year, the Office provided advice to a wide range of stakeholders on a wide range of issues, including in the design and delivery of training to national human rights institutions and other stakeholders. More specifically, this support was provided to State actors on the promotion and protection of human rights and other UN norms and standards, such as follow-up on engagement with international human rights mechanisms. Civil society actors received support for the establishment of networks and to strengthen their capacities. Moreover, operational support was provided for human rights training and/or national capacity-building activities and when applicable, advice was given on integrating human rights into humanitarian response and post-crisis recovery processes. Human Rights Advisers promoted and supported the integration of gender equality and women’s rights into UN programming. in 34 countries, including Argentina, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Brazil, Bolivia, Dominican Republic (until mid2018), Ecuador, El Salvador, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Niger, Nigeria, Republic of North Macedonia, Republic of Moldova, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Rwanda, Serbia, Sierra Leone, South Caucasus (based in Tbilisi and covering Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia), Sri Lanka, TimorLeste, Uruguay and Zimbabwe and to the UNSDG Asia-Pacific regional team in Bangkok (until April 2018). HRAs are funded through extrabudgetary contributions. In some instances, the posts are funded through cost-sharing agreements with UNDP or relevant UNCTs or with other UN entities at the country level. Since 2012, all deployments have been aligned with the UNDG Strategy for the Deployment of HRAs. Throughout 2018, due to OHCHR’s ongoing close cooperation with the UN Development Coordination Office (UNDOCO) and UNSDG members and as a result of financial support from several Member States, OHCHR was able to increase the number of deployments of HRAs in response to additional requests from resident coordinators and UNCTs. OHCHR also ensured multi-year continuity for existing deployments, which provided greater predictability, stability and sustainability of results. This development resulted in the expansion of modalities of support to UNCTs in the field. During 2018, OHCHR deployed Human Rights Advisers and/or undertook human rights mainstreaming projects UN HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2018 187