CHAPTER 6 IMPACTS ON HEALTH OF CHILDREN DEPRIVED OF LIBERTY 1.2 Aims Recognising that the health of children deprived of liberty is likely to be poor, that evidence on the health of these young people has never been summarised at the global level, and that the impact of deprivation of liberty on the health of children is currently not well understood, the aims of this Study were to: 1. undertake a rapid, global review of what is known about the health of children deprived of liberty in diverse settings; 2. review and consider the evidence regarding the impact of deprivation of liberty on the health of young people; 3. develop evidence-informed recommendations to maximise the health of children at risk of experiencing deprivation of liberty; and 4. identify priority areas for future research regarding the health of children deprived of liberty. A Note on Terminology In this chapter we refer to children, adolescents, and ‘young people’. The definitions of these terms are not universally agreed. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines those aged 10-19 years as adolescents, and those aged 15-24 as young people. The Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) defines anyone under 18 years of age as a child, and in many countries the legal age of majority is 18 years. The recent Lancet Commission on Adolescent Health and Wellbeing29 defined ages 10-14 as early adolescence, 15-19 as late adolescence, and 20-24 as young adulthood. Consistent with what is known about adolescent growth and development, there is an emerging view that the definition of adolescence should be expanded to ages 10-24.30 In some countries, people aged up to and including 25 years are considered young people. In the interests of brevity and consistency with the overall Study, in this chapter we generally refer to those aged <19 years as ‘children and adolescents’, and those aged <25 years as ‘young people’. 29 George C. Patton, Susan M. Sawyer, John S. Santelli, David A. Ross, Rima Afifi, Nicholas B. Allen, Monika Arora, Peter Azzopardi, Wendy Baldwin & Christopher Bonell, ‘Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing’, The Lancet, Vol. 387(10036), 2016, pp. 2423-2478. 30 Susan M. Sawyer, Peter S. Azzopardi, Dakshitha Wickremarathne & George C. Patton, ‘The age of adolescence’, The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, Vol. 2(3), 2018, pp. 223-228. 122