MAMATKULOV AND ASKAROV v. TURKEY JUDGMENT 7 “On 28 June 1999 the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan found R. Mamatkulov and Z. Askarov guilty of the offences listed below and sentenced them to twenty years' and eleven years' imprisonment respectively: R. MAMATKULOV (a) Eighteen years' imprisonment pursuant to Articles 28 and 97 of the Criminal Code (homicide with aggravating circumstances, namely: (i) murder of two or more people; (ii) murder of a person on official duty or of a close relative of such a person; (iii) use of means endangering the lives of others; (iv) use of cruel means; (v) offence committed in the defendant's own interests; (vi) offence committed on the basis of religious beliefs; (vii) offence committed with the aim of concealing another offence or of facilitating its commission; (viii) offence committed by a group of people or a criminal organisation in the interests of that organisation; (ix) repeat offence); (b) Eighteen years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 155 § 3 (a) and (b) of the Criminal Code (terrorist offence); (c) Ten years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 156 § 2 (d) of the Criminal Code (incitement to hatred and hostility giving rise to discrimination on grounds of race and religion); (d) Eighteen years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 158 § 1 of the Criminal Code (attempted terrorist attack on the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan); (e) Eighteen years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 159 § 4 of the Criminal Code (attempt to undermine the constitutional regime of the Republic of Uzbekistan, conspiracy to take power or overthrow the constitutional regime of the Republic of Uzbekistan); (f) Fifteen years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 161 of the Criminal Code (attempt to destroy property or to damage health, massacres committed with the intention of harming the activities of State bodies and undermining social, political and economic stability); (g) Twelve years' imprisonment pursuant to Article 168 § 4 (a) and (b) of the Criminal Code (fraud, obtaining the property of others by fraud or deception by or in the interests of a group of individuals);