It is, on the contrary, necessary to organise the integration of institutions, by means of initiative on the part of their managers and those in contact with them. Among the latter, it is necessary to distinguish the assistance of the central administration, of the departments of the judicial youth protection service and of managing associations, on the one hand, and that of local partners, on the other. It is incumbent upon the central, interregional and departmental sections of the judicial youth protection service (protection judiciaire de la jeunesse/PJJ) to facilitate the establishment, preparation, implementation and inspection of each young offenders’ institution and its activities. Much greater efforts than those accorded over the last ten years need to be developed, including in particular: The elaboration of frames of reference for the professions whose tasks are performed in young offenders’ institutions with regard both to management positions, heads of education units, tutors, sport tutors, technical trainers, night warders, house mistresses cooks etc. It would be useful for such frames of reference to be designed, in cooperation with the administrations concerned, for nurses, psychologists and teachers. They need to describe the objectives assigned to these staff, the requirements in terms of training and personality, the tasks to be performed and the way to succeed fulfilling them. According to the information collected by the Contrôle Général, the administration of the PJJ has only elaborated instruments of this kind in a general manner (“job descriptions”), covering all of the institutions for which it is responsible. Reflection is here requested to facilitate the practice of professions in CEFs; Under the current texts, this frame of reference could only apply to persons working in CEFs managed by the judicial youth protection service itself, and not in those managed by authorised associations. For this reason it would be highly desirable for it to be jointly elaborated, on the basis of acquired experience, by the administration of the judicial youth protection service and the representatives of the associations sector, in order to apply it in an overall manner in the interest of the children catered for; Updating of the initial requirements for CEFs, which has been promised for several years and is still pending; Attentive supervision of the operation of each young offenders’ institution on the part of the decentralised administrations with, at least for those coming under the judicial youth protection service, receipt of regular information from the institutions, sending of methodological tools, attentive listening to professionals and managerial staff and the holding of regular focus meetings; The implementation of exchanges between professionals at the regional and national level aimed at pooling experience and identifying and promoting good practices. Regular visits by the departmental and regional managers should be conducted for the purposes of information and exchange. Whenever necessary, audits and inspections should be conducted, with periodical summaries of their findings and the development of instruments for keeping track of the application of their recommendations. For its part, the network of associations needs to endeavour to undertake similar measures with regard to the young offenders’ institutions for which they are responsible. In this regard, everything that can be jointly undertaken with the administration of the judicial youth protection service, in accordance with respect for all parties, will naturally be welcome. Administrations coming under the authority of other ministries also need to put in place instruments for exchange and capitalisation of the experiences of their staff working in CEFs. This applies in particular to the ministry of National Education and the ministry of 55