par. 1 and 2 of the Criminal Code (i.e. the previously mentioned file on the dismissal ordinance). V. Actions for the dissemination of the attributions of the field regarding prevention of torture in detention places (NPM), taking part in conferences, national and international symposia, staff training It is remarkable that the idea of external and independent monitoring of detention places has developed in the last years, and, currently, there is a wide acceptance of the conception that one of the best protections against torture and ill treatment is the highest transparency of detention places, with the possibility of regular access of the respectable members of the society. As stated by professor Theo Van BOVEN, Special Rapporteur of the United Nations (UN) on torture, “monitoring detention places by independent bodies with relevant qualification is one of the most efficient ways to fight the practice of enforcing torture and ill treatment” (Monitoring detention places – Practical Guide, APT, Geneva, 2004, printed by Vicandis-Lux SRL, p. 14 and p. 7). The implementation of this idea resulted in the adoption, on December 18, 2002, in New York, of the Optional protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, adopted on December 10, 1984 in New York (hereinafter referred as the Optional Protocol), aimed at establishing a system of systematic visits performed by international and national independent bodies where persons are deprived from freedom, with a view to preventing torture and ill treatment, based on art. 1 of the Protocol. “Torture refers to different type images, becoming a deforming mirror of our society, combining violence, sadism, brutality, desire of power.” (RuxandraCesereanu, Panopticum. Eseudespretorturăînsecolul XX, 2nd edition revisited, Polirom, 2014, p. 21). In the attempt of providing a definition of the concept of torture, the analysts of this phenomenon used various terms such as: aggression, violence, wound, intense punishment, the quantitative art of suffering, etc. (RuxandraCesereanu, op. cit., p. 13). 60