The arrest record shall be communicated to the detainee, or to his legal counsel.53 The family of the arrested person shall be notified promptly of his arrest and place of detention.54 No one shall be compelled to confess or to testify against himself.55 Where necessary, an interpreter shall be provided during interrogation.56 Practice All police officials Review regularly, for a clear understanding of your powers of arrest and of the procedures to adopt upon and following arrest. Participate in training to develop and maintain the necessary interpersonal skills, especially communication skills, to enable you to effect arrests expertly, discreetly and with due respect for human dignity. Where resistance is not evident, attempt calm, polite, disarming language when effecting an arrest, resorting to strong, authoritative tones only when necessary. Develop and maintain the necessary technical and tactical skills to enable you to carry out arrests expertly, discreetly and with due respect for human dignity. Develop and maintain skills in use of handcuffs and other means of restraint. Develop your self-confidence, including through self-defence skills. Study carefully chapter 14 of the Manual on the use of force as it applies to arrests. Seek an arrest order/warrant whenever possible. Carry a small card in your uniform, setting forth the rights of an arrestee, and read those rights, verbatim, to the arrestee once he/she has been secured. Study conflict resolution techniques, through in-service training or in available community education programmes. Keep careful arrest records, with detail as the first rule of thumb. Command and supervisory officials Issue and enforce clear standing orders on arrest procedures. Provide continuous training to all officers on procedures for arrest, the rights of the arrested, and techniques for effecting arrest safely and humanely. Provide training in inter-personal skills, conflict resolution techniques, self-defence and the use of restraint mechanisms. Develop standard forms for the recording of arrest information, based on this session and the laws and procedures for arrest in your jurisdiction. When arrests can be planned in advance, ensure that a range of options is available, and that planning, preparation, briefing and tactics adopted are appropriate to the circumstances and conditions under which the arrest is to be effected. Debrief the officers involved after every arrest and carefully check the arrest record to be sure it is complete. Establish procedures to ensure unhindered access of legal counsel to arrested persons. 53 Principles on Detention or Imprisonment, principle 12(1); Declaration on Enforced Disappearance, article 10(3). Principles on Detention or Imprisonment, principle 16(1); SMRTP, rules 44(3) and 92; Declaration on Enforced Disappearance, article 10(2); Principles on Summary Execution, principle 6. 55 UDHR, article 11(1); ICCPR, article 14(3)(g); Principles on Detention or Imprisonment, principle 21(1). 56 Principles on Detention or Imprisonment, principle 14. On the right to an interpreter in court, see ICCPR, article 14(f). 54 68