USE OF FIREARMS Permissible circumstances: 1. Firearms to be used only in extreme circumstances 2. Firearms to be used only in self-defence or defence of others against imminent threat of death or serious injury -orTo prevent a particularly serious crime that involves a grave threat to life -orTo arrest or prevent the escape of a person posing such a threat and who is resisting efforts to stop the threat -andIn every case, only when less extreme measures are insufficient 3. Intentional lethal use of force and firearms shall be permitted only when strictly unavoidable in order to protect human life OHCHR Police Trainer’s Guide Session 8 (Use of Force)/4 103