This system of sequenced opening periods within long-stay prisons may
give the casual observer the impression that prisoners have a real possibility
of organising their time and their use of space as they desire: indeed, they
can choose to go to the weight training room or the painting workshop, the
library or the workshop, the exercise yard or the gymnasium etc.
In reality, this freedom for prisoners is only relative, and subjects them to
considerable inconvenience on a daily basis: if one of them uses an open
timeslot in order to go to any particular place, they are often only able to
return to their cell at the time of scheduled movements, in general in the
middle or at the end of the morning or afternoon. Furthermore, it is not
possible for them to go to neighbouring cells to share a meal, engage in an
activity with its occupant or simply talk.
These constraints are so real for convicted prisoners serving long sentences that, in the
majority of long-stay prisons, in the course of time the “closed doors” regime ends up being less
strictly applied by prison officers, who then often leave the doors open during the day. This
situation infringes the statutory provisions and is not officially acknowledged by the
administration which does not, therefore, place keys to cells at prisoners’ disposal, as in the case
of long-term detention centres operating with the “open doors” system. Insofar as the cell doors
remain open in the morning and afternoon, thefts regularly occur, which gives rise to tensions,
and even violence, and fear of leaving the cell in view of these risks; certain persons even asking
to be locked in their cells for their own safety.
In long-stay prisons, cell opening times may also be used in order to go to living areas,
shared rooms inside prisons and collective areas in exercise yards (exercise areas, temporary huts
etc.), which the administration has set up or allowed prisoners to set up. These are places for
activities, preparation of meals (sometimes with the possibility of storage of personal food),
eating meals in common, ironing or playing electronic games etc.
Long-stay prison wings (QMC / quartiers maison centrale) have been designed in prisons
since the beginning of the 2010s. In general, QMCs are composed of collective areas on the
ground floor, with accommodation wings on the upper floors, all of which have a limited number
of cells (a maximum of fourteen) and also function according to the principle of closed cells and
collective areas. Movements are strictly supervised with a twofold operational division into
different sectors: separation of the wing from the rest of the prison, and separation of different
parts of the wing.
The persons encountered in these wings mentioned their difficulty in living
within a system experienced as oppressive. The environment is
characterised by its cramped nature and the dullness of the external exercise
and sports areas. Moreover, daily life gives rise to continuous exposure to
public view, as from the moment of going through the cell door, as
expressed by the following reaction heard during a visit: “We suffocate here,
we’re confined, we’re marking time!”
The staff of these institutions, exclusively assigned to QMCs, are aware of these
difficulties, and are often surprised that everything has not been done in order to ensure that
prisoners are occupied and taken care of and fear their absence of prospects: the inspectors heard
phrases such as “there needs to be a social life in this institution” and “the institution mustn’t be
seen as a place for people to die” on the part of these members of staff.
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