33 gious centers, as well as clandestine clinics. These places should be on the radar of monitoring bodies, and when “conversion therapies” are reported monitoring bodies ought to contribute to bringing their use to an end. “Conversion therapies” are also practiced by clergy members or spiritual advisers in the context of religious practice30. In prison, the practice of conditioning early release upon “conversion therapies” has also been reported. Other “treatments” or “therapies” administered to LGBTI people may also infringe the prohibition of torture and other ill-treatment. For instance, there is a growing awareness and consensus around the fact that so-called “gender-normalizing” surgery on intersex children is both medically unnecessary and harmful, with the UN Special Rapporteur on Torture, among others, having called on States to outlaw such surgeries31. Such practices are not addressed specifically in this guide, given its primary focus on monitoring places of deprivation of liberty. However, it should be noted that torture prevention bodies, in particular NPMs, can contribute to the eradication of such practices thanks to their power, enshrined in the OPCAT, to submit proposals and observations concerning legislation (Art. 19.c). 30 Mallory Christy, Brown Tayler N. T., Conron J. Kerith, Conversion Therapy and LGBT Youth, Williams Institute, January 2018. 31 See in particular Special Rapporteur on Torture, A/HRC/22/53, para. 88, 2013. Chapter I A Monitoring Guide