Finally, after giving a recap of the CGLPL's past ten years, she urged the participants to take up new challenges posed by: the state of emergency, terrorism, migration and a world where those who defend the rights of detained people are finding it increasingly difficult to make themselves heard. An initial panel discussion laid bare the urgent need for an external perspective on detention that was sensed at the end of the 20th century owing to a growing awareness of the state of prisons dubbed the "shame of the Republic". The need to establish an independent, external oversight of prison conditions was thus confirmed. At the same time, the international community was developing its tools for combating inhuman and degrading treatment. Accordingly, the States Parties to the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment committed to setting up a national preventive mechanism tasked with conducting inspections in "any place [...] where persons are or may be deprived of their liberty, either by virtue of an order given by a public authority or at its instigation or with its consent or acquiescence [...] with a view to strengthening, if necessary, the protection of these persons against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment". This twofold momentum culminated in the passing of the Act of 30 October 2007. This panel discussion was followed by a contribution from Jean-Marie Delarue, Honorary State Councillor, Chief Inspector of places of deprivation of liberty from 2008 to 2014, who went back over the choices made when the CGLPL was founded and gave a report of his six years in office. The afternoon was opened by a contribution from Didier Fassin, Professor of Social Sciences at Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study, Course Director at the School of Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences (EHESS) who, describing the CGLPL's founding as a democratic requirement, placed this in the context of the "tension existing in contemporary societies, particularly French society, namely the simultaneous deployment, in recent times, of the Criminal State, which is taking an ever harsher and more inequitable line […], and the Liberal State, which is both more mindful of respecting rights within its institutions, at least from a formal point of view, and more concerned with individual accountability, to the detriment of a sociological approach to social worlds." This was followed by a panel discussion on the shaping of the legitimacy of the institution which, created from scratch to assume a completely new role, had to make methodological, human and legal choices. Such legitimacy is grounded in long and numerous inspections and extensive exchanges of letters with people deprived of their liberty. These choices have shored up its independence and place as a national preventive mechanism. Since it was established, nearly 1,400 inspections of places of deprivation of liberty and the examination of more than 30,000 case referrals demonstrate the hard work and dedication of the CGLPL on a daily basis. The day ended with a preview of the film 12 jours (12 days) by Raymond Depardon. This sheds light on the views of patients sectioned in psychiatric hospitals expressed during hearings with the liberty and custody judge, which take place within twelve days of the placement measure being enacted. This showing was followed by a discussion with the director and his crew. The next day, an initial panel discussion presented the CGLPL from the perspective of the other bodies it works with. Operating as it does within an already complex landscape, the CGLPL has had to organise its interaction with the existing bodies: the government, which has a duty to protect the rights of those it provides for, the courts and non-governmental organisations. Raised from the outset, the questions of ensuring complementarity between the CGLPL's work and the bodies it works with, the formal or informal organisation of intermediaries and even the risk of conflict assumed between the institutional stakeholders are still relevant today. During a second panel discussion, an assessment was made of ten years of change in fundamental rights - between progress and impasse. The CGLPL's work has raised the profile of people deprived of their liberty, brought about changes in the law, enabled improvements in the day106