NEEDS ASSESSMENTS  To ensure that rehabilitation services provided by a state or through state funding meet the needs of torture victims and take into account any existing gaps in service provision, a needs assessment is recommended. A number of states have undertaken national-level assessments of the following: (i) The numbers of torture victims and their rehabilitation needs, including gender specific rights and needs, and of the consultation process with victims and victims’ organizations; and (ii) Existing rehabilitation services, including the numbers of doctors/psychologists/psychiatrists per capita, the available funding sources and funds available, the geographical spread of services and the in-house capacity of rehabilitation services. Such assessments may help states to identify gaps between the supply of and demand for rehabilitation services, and to consider the most appropriate model of service delivery. Chile: Ensuring rehabilitation for victims of past abuses The National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture (Valech I) was established in 2003 as an advisory body to the government. Its duties were: (i) To identify persons who were subjected to deprivation of liberty for political reasons and torture by agents of the state or persons acting on behalf of the state between 1973 and 1990; and (ii) To propose the requirements, characteristics, forms and models of reparation that could be granted to persons acknowledged to have been political prisoners or torture victims who had not received any reparation on those grounds. The Commission’s report, issued in November 2004, included information on the historical context in which the torture had taken place, the conduct of the different state bodies in relation to this practice, the methods of torture used, the profile of the victims and the effects of this abuse on them. Following a period of implementation, a new Commission (Valech II) was formed, from 2010-2011, to allow for the identification and acceptance of additional victims into the reparations programme. Even earlier, from 2002, the government also applied targeted strategies to allow victims of sexual violence to obtain protection and support. Through these different measures, 130’129 victims of torture and their affected first and second-generation family members have been accepted into the Compensation and Comprehensive Health-Care Programme established by the Government. Finland: Assessing the rehabilitation needs of migrant and refugee torture victims To better understand the health needs of a changing population of migrants and refugees, the Finnish government conducted two large health surveys, starting in 2014.5 The surveys specifically examined torture trauma and enabled the relevant authorities to understand its prevalence among different refugee groups and the physical and psychological symptoms they might be experiencing. Based on the surveys, the government initiated the PALOMA project (Developing National Mental Health Policies for Refugees, 2016-2018) to develop a national 5 “Survey on work and well-being among people of foreign origin (UTH)”, National Institute for Health and Welfare https://bit.ly/2ydxTYL. TOOL: Providing Rehabilitation to Victims of Torture and Other Ill-treatment 5/13