counterparts and learn more about the benefits of this institution as well as the problems encountered in the initial period of the implementation. The objective of the study visit, besides learning about the experience of the Bosnian police and prosecution authorities in implementing the prosecutor-led investigations, was to prepare mechanisms for facing obstacles that the implementation of the new CPC might cause. ****** 4.5 The OSCE Mission to Skopje Background The work of the Police Development Department (PDD) of the Mission to Skopje is based on the Mission's original Mandate in Policing and on the OSCE Ministerial Council and Permanent Council Decisions stemming from the Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA). The original Mandate called on the Mission to assist in training and in recruiting 1,000 new cadets from communities not in the majority in the population and in ensuring a phased and coordinated redeployment of the national Police Service to the former crisis areas. Following completion of the above task, in 2003, the Mandate of the Department was expanded15 to include assistance to the Host Country in reforming its police service to bring it up to international democratic policing practices. To this end, the PDD has been delivering and facilitating police training, supporting the development of a national Community Policing Programme, as well as providing expertise at policy planning level. In 2011, the PDD remained committed to these tasks, through addressing outstanding issues mainly related to Annex C, Paragraph 5.3 of the OFA. These include providing assistance in establishing a professional training system, technical assistance to police reform as related to the implementation of the Law on Internal Affairs (LoIA) and, more specifically, the decentralization process envisaged by the LoIA and relevant strategic documents16. With the increased worldwide, regional and OSCE-wide focus on emerging transnational threats, the PDD’s focus in 2011 also encompassed the provision of training and expertise in the fields of combating organized crime and terrorism and improving border security. In 2011, the activities of the PDD were divided into three main programmatic fields: Police Reform: Supporting the implementation of an effective human resource management and development system; Assisting in sustaining reforms and building an effective police service at the decentralized level through detached police advisors (co-locators); Monitoring the implementation of the Law on Police and LoIA and by-laws by participating in an interagency working group. 15 16 70 Further to the signing of the OFA in 2001 and responding to the provisions set forth by its Annex C Article 5.3, the Mission and the Host Government signed a MoU outlining the specific tasks for achieving the OFA’s requests in the field of police reform, including training and other technical and expert assistance. Annex 1 of the MoU specifically provides for the Mission’s support in the form of police training delivery and promoting community-oriented policing practices. See, inter alia, the Police Reform Strategy (2004); the Law on Police (2006); and the Law on Local Self-Government (2002).