Trafficking in Human Beings In 2011, the Centre provided financial support to the anti-trafficking activities of the national NGO “Support Centre for People with Disabilities” that organized, throughout the year, training courses for 220 individuals nation-wide. From 28-30 March, the Centre supported the participation of one Turkmen NGO representative in a regional event for Lawyers/NGOs on trafficking cases held in Istanbul. From 20-21 June, the Centre also supported the participation of three representatives from Turkmenistan in the “11th Alliance against Trafficking in Persons Conference” in Vienna (see also chapter 3.5). Drug-Trafficking In December, the Centre facilitated the participation of two officials from the State Service of Turkmenistan for Combating Drugs in the Surveillance Workshop in Almaty, organized by the SPMU and CARICC (see also chapter 2). Support to the Penitentiary System In 2011, the Centre continued supporting the efficiency of the Host Country’s penitentiary system through organizing two events in November at the S.A. Niyazov Institute under the Ministry of Interior of Turkmenistan. These included a one-day seminar on “Education, Rehabilitation and Social Reintegration of Prisoners. Work and Labour Integration: Sharing of Practices from the OSCE Area”; and a workshop on “Prison Staff Training Centres: Sharing of Practices in the Provision of Training to Prison Staff”. 52 participants from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, including prison officials and teaching staff of the S.A. Niyazov Institute, the Parliament, the National Institute of State and Law under the President of Turkmenistan and the National Institute for Democracy and Human Rights under the President of Turkmenistan, the Academy of State Service, as well as academics attended these events. From 26-29 September, the Centre organized a working visit to Spain on penitentiary systems practices. Four representatives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and one representative of the Presidential Administration of Turkmenistan learned about the penitentiary system management in Spain. ****** 4.11 The OSCE Centre in Astana Background The Centre in Astana was established as the Centre in Almaty in 1998 before it was renamed in 2007. It promotes the implementation of OSCE principles and commitments, facilitates contacts and exchanges of information, and provides assistance to the Government of Kazakhstan. In 2011, the Centre continued its multifaceted police-related cooperation with the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA), the SPMU and other partners. 97