Education The crucial role of education in preventing conflicts and building sustainable peace has been widely recognized within the international community.10 Over the past decade, three broad discourses have emerged.11 The first concerns education in crisis situations, which prioritizes the protection of children and tries to minimize the negative impacts of violent conflict on their education. The second emphasizes the need for conflict-sensitive education that does not reinforce inequalities or fuel further divisions. The last relates to education and building sustainable peace, and often assumes a development role for education through reforms to the education sector itself, and by contributing to political, economic, and social transformations. Education programmes have formed an integral part of the OSCE’s efforts in conflict prevention and peacebuilding. Accordingly, the OSCE has focussed on promoting education through reform that enhances tolerance and respect for diversity, thereby reducing divisions within affected communities. Such reform has also tackled segregated and other forms of exclusive education systems to ensure access to education for all, with a particular emphasis on minority communities. The establishment of legal and institutional frameworks, support for mediation in schools, and the introduction of civic education curricula also all play an important role. In addition, the OSCE has provided training for teachers, youth, and others on anti-discrimination and conflict-sensitive 10  UNICEF (2009). 11  UNICEF (2011). 45