pa rt II
Civil and Political Rights
(17) The participating States recognize that the exercise of the above-mentioned rights
relating to the freedom of religion or belief may be subject only to such limitations as
are provided by law and consistent with their obligations under international law and
with their international commitments. They will ensure in their laws and regulations
and in their application the full and effective exercise of the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief.
(…)
(32) They will allow believers, religious faiths and their representatives, in groups or
on an individual basis, to establish and maintain direct personal contacts and communication with each other, in their own and other countries, inter alia through travel,
pilgrimages and participation in assemblies and other religious events. In this context
and commensurate with such contacts and events, those concerned will be allowed to
acquire, receive and carry with them religious publications and objects related to the
practice of their religion or belief.
Copenhagen 1990
The participating States reaffirm that
(9.4) - everyone will have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This
right includes freedom to change one’s religion or belief and freedom to manifest one’s
religion or belief, either alone or in community with others, in public or in private,
through worship, teaching, practice and observance. The exercise of these rights may be
subject only to such restrictions as are prescribed by law and are consistent with international standards;
(…)
(32) (…) Persons belonging to national minorities have the right freely to express, preserve and develop their ethnic, cultural, linguistic or religious identity and to maintain
and develop their culture in all its aspects, free of any attempts at assimilation against
their will. In particular, they have the right
(…)
(32.3) - to profess and practise their religion, including the acquisition, possession and
use of religious materials, and to conduct religious educational activities in their mother
tongue;
(…)
Budapest 1994 (Decisions: VIII. The Human Dimension)
27. Reaffirming their commitment to ensure freedom of conscience and religion and
to foster a climate of mutual tolerance and respect between believers of different communities as well as between believers and non-believers, they expressed their concern
about the exploitation of religion for aggressive nationalist ends.
OSCE Human Dimension Commitments 109
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