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define the roles and missions of such forces and their obligation to act solely within the constitutional framework.
22. Each participating State will provide for its legislative approval of defence expenditures.
Each participating State will, with due regard to national security requirements, exercise restraint in its military expenditures and provide for transparency and public access to information related to the armed forces.
23. Each participating State, while providing for the individual service member’s exercise of
his or her civil rights, will ensure that its armed forces as such are politically neutral.
24. Each participating State will provide and maintain measures to guard against accidental
or unauthorized use of military means.
25. The participating States will not tolerate or support forces that are not accountable to or
controlled by their constitutionally established authorities. If a participating State is unable to
exercise its authority over such forces, it may seek consultations within the CSCE to consider
steps to be taken.
26. Each participating State will ensure that in accordance with its international commitments its paramilitary forces refrain from the acquisition of combat mission capabilities in excess of those for which they were established.
27. Each participating State will ensure that the recruitment or call-up of personnel for service
in its military, paramilitary and security forces is consistent with its obligations and commitments in respect of human rights and fundamental freedoms.
28. The participating States will reflect in their laws or other relevant documents the rights
and duties of armed forces personnel. They will consider introducing exemptions from or alternatives to military service.
29. The participating States will make widely available in their respective countries the international humanitarian law of war. They will reflect, in accordance with national practice, their
commitments in this field in their military training programmes and regulations.
30. Each participating State will instruct its armed forces personnel in international humanitarian law, rules, conventions and commitments governing armed conflict and will ensure
that such personnel are aware that they are individually accountable under national and international law for their actions.
31. The participating States will ensure that armed forces personnel vested with command authority exercise it in accordance with relevant national as well as international law and are
made aware that they can be held individually accountable under those laws for the unlawful
exercise of such authority and that orders contrary to national and international law must not
be given. The responsibility of superiors does not exempt subordinates from any of their individual responsibilities.
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