Document of the Copenhagen
Meeting of the Conference on
the Human Dimension of the
CSCE
Copenhagen 1990
(…)
The participating States welcome with great satisfaction the fundamental political changes that have occurred in Europe since the first Meeting of the Conference on the Human
Dimension of the CSCE in Paris in 1989. They note that the CSCE process has contributed significantly to bringing about these changes and that these developments in turn have greatly
advanced the implementation of the provisions of the Final Act and other CSCE documents.
They recognize that pluralistic democracy and the rule of law are essential for ensuring respect for all human rights and fundamental freedoms, the development of human contacts
and the resolution of other issues of a related humanitarian character. They therefore welcome
the commitment expressed by all participating States to the ideals of democracy and political
pluralism as well as their common determination to build democratic societies based on free
elections and the rule of law.
At the Copenhagen Meeting the participating States held a review of the implementation of
their commitments in the field of the human dimension. They considered that the degree of
compliance with the commitments contained in the relevant provisions of the CSCE documents had shown a fundamental improvement since the Paris Meeting. They also expressed
the view, however, that further steps are required for the full realization of their commitments
relating to the human dimension.
The participating States express their conviction that full respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and the development of societies based on pluralistic democracy and the
rule of law are prerequisites for progress in setting up the lasting order of peace, security,
justice and co-operation that they seek to establish in Europe. They therefore reaffirm their
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