Page 4.3. A human rights-based approach to understanding and addressing demand . . . . . . . . . 100 4.4. Criminalization of demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 PRINCIPLE 5 AND RELATED GUIDELINES: INTERVENTION TO ADDRESS FACTORS INCREASING VULNERABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. Purpose and context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The obligation to address vulnerability to trafficking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Addressing increases in vulnerability related to inequality and poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . Addressing increases in vulnerability related to discrimination and violence against women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5. Addressing the special vulnerabilities of children, including unaccompanied and separated children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6. Addressing increases in vulnerability in conflict and post-conflict situations . . . . . . . . . . 5.7. Ensuring that measures taken to address vulnerability do not violate established rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 106 108 110 112 114 115 PRINCIPLE 6 AND RELATED GUIDELINES: IDENTIFYING AND ADDRESSING PUBLIC-SECTOR INVOLVEMENT IN TRAFFICKING . . 117 6.1. Purpose and context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2. The obligation to identify and eradicate public-sector involvement in trafficking . . . . . . . 6.3. State responsibility and due diligence in the context of public-sector complicity in trafficking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4. The involvement of military, peacekeeping, humanitarian and other international personnel in trafficking and related forms of exploitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 118 119 123 PART 2.3 PROTECTION OF AND ASSISTANCE TO VICTIMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 PRINCIPLE 7 AND RELATED GUIDELINES: NO DETENTION OR PROSECUTION FOR STATUS-RELATED OFFENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 7.1. 7.2. 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. Purpose and context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trafficked persons as victims of crime and victims of human rights violations . . . . . . . . . Prosecution for status-related offences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Detention of trafficked persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A note on the right to consular access and support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 130 131 133 139 PRINCIPLE 8 AND RELATED GUIDELINES: PROTECTION OF AND SUPPORT FOR VICTIMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 8.4. Purpose and context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Separating protection and support from victim cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Protection from further harm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Privacy and protection from further harm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 142 143 146 9