A/66/44 allegations. The Committee notes the existence of a proposal to create an independent prosecution service (arts. 12 and 13). The State party should take appropriate measures to ensure that: (a) All allegations of torture or ill-treatment are thoroughly and impartially investigated, perpetrators are duly prosecuted and, if found guilty, convicted to penalties taking into account the grave nature of their acts, and that the victims are adequately compensated, including their full rehabilitation; (b) Clear and reliable data are compiled on acts of torture and ill-treatment in police and prison custody and in other places of deprivation of liberty; (c) All law enforcement officials and military personnel are thoroughly trained in international human rights standards, particularly those contained in the Convention. Refugees and asylum-seekers (20) The Committee notes, based on reports, that due to the post-election crisis in Côte d’Ivoire, over 14,178 Ivorians (including 6,036 children) have sought asylum in the State party since 16 May 2011. Among the new arrivals, are persons who might have been subjected to direct threats and abuse due to their perceived political affiliation. The Committee is particularly concerned about information received concerning the suspected presence of combatants among those fleeing Côte d’Ivoire in refugee hosting areas, which could generate serious security concerns for refugees, asylum-seekers and communities, as well as threaten to undermine the civilian and humanitarian character of asylum. The Committee appreciates the efforts of the State party in responding to this massive influx and encourages it to establish procedures required for the identification and separation of combatants, and to promptly determine the refugee status of Ivorian asylum-seekers. The Committee also notes with concern that 11,000 refugees from Liberia have been living in Ghana for over 20 years and that, according to the information provided by the delegation, the State party is planning to either relocate them or return them to their place of origin (arts. 3 and 16). The Committee calls on the State party to take a more active approach in relation to its obligations at the international and regional levels under international refugee law. In this respect, the State party should: (a) Pursue its efforts, in cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), to continue to identify refugees and asylum-seekers and ensure their protection in accordance with international law, including, in particular, respect for the principle of non-refoulement; (b) Consider granting refugee status on a prima facie basis to Ivorians fleeing their country, except for those who may be considered combatants, until it is established that they have genuinely and permanently renounced military activities; (c) Take measures to effectively screen arrivals and to separate combatants and non-combatants in order to ensure the civilian nature of refugee camps and/or sites, including through strengthening existing screening mechanisms and enhancing the capacity of the Ghana Refugee Board at the border; (d) Reinforce the capacity of the Ghana Refugee Board to process refugee claims of asylum-seekers in the country other than those who may benefit from recognition on a prima facie basis; (e) Ensure that Liberian refugees in Ghana are not forcibly returned to their country of origin in a manner that would be inconsistent with the non- GE.11-45568 87