CCPR/C/121/D/2610/2015 19. The fact that, fortuitously, no harm ultimately came to the author and her son cannot refute the necessity of protection ex ante. Under the circumstances, the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela was obligated to take measures to protect the life and well-being of the author and her son, and also to protect the author as a witness to the crime. Based on the above information, and in the absence of any evidence that the police ever took any action to implement the numerous court orders, the claim regarding failure of protection is both admissible and reveals a violation of article 6 (1). 16