CAT/C/BHR/CO/2-3 confessions, the fact that some individuals are reported to have been sentenced to 25 years of imprisonment on the basis of confessions made under torture, and the refusal of judges to take into account in court visible signs of torture shown by the defendants. It is particularly concerned that the sentences of the three persons who were executed on 15 January 2017 are reported to have been based on confessions extracted under torture (arts. 2 and 12-16). 17. The State party should implement the relevant provisions of its Code of Criminal Procedure, including article 253, and ensure that evidence obtained through any form of coercion or torture is inadmissible in all judicial proceedings, in line with article 15 of the Convention. It should enact legislation providing for inquiries into well-founded allegations of torture that are brought to the judge’s attention by the defendant or their counsel. Judges should review cases of convictions based solely on confessions, since many may have been based on evidence obtained through torture and ill-treatment, and the State party should inform the Committee of the results of the review. The State party should conduct prompt and impartial investigations into such cases, take appropriate remedial measures and provide the Committee with information on whether any officials have been prosecuted and punished for extracting such confessions. Duration of pretrial detention 18. While noting that the Code of Criminal Procedure stipulates that law enforcement officials should hand suspects over to the public prosecution within 24 hours of apprehension and that detention warrants issued by the public prosecution are valid for seven days only following the handover of the suspect, the Committee is concerned that the public prosecution can submit an application to a lower court judge to issue a warrant for up to a further 15 days, or for successive periods amounting in total to not more than 30 days. It is also concerned that article 147 of the Code of Criminal Procedure allows for detention on remand that can be imposed by a lower court for a period or consecutive periods of up to 30 days on condition that no period exceeds 15 days. It is particularly concerned that chapter I of the special section of the Criminal Code concerning State security offences allows the public prosecution to detain a suspect for an initial period of 28 days or for up to six months under the Act on the Protection of Society from Terrorist Acts (arts. 2, 4, 11 and 16). 19. The State party should: (a) Ensure that persons who are arrested on criminal charges, including under the Act on the Protection of Society from Terrorist Acts, are brought before a judge within 48 hours; (b) Amend its legislation and take all necessary measures to shorten the duration of pretrial detention, which should be used as an exception, as a measure of last resort and applied for limited periods of time; (c) Ensure that pretrial detention is regulated clearly and subject to judicial supervision at all times in order to guarantee fundamental legal safeguards; (d) Consider replacing pretrial detention for minor crimes with noncustodial measures, in accordance with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the Tokyo Rules); (e) Ensure that redress, including compensation, is provided to victims of unjustified prolonged pretrial detention. Solitary confinement 20. While national law has prescribed since 2014, under the Reform and Rehabilitation Institution Act, that solitary confinement should not last for more than seven days, the Committee is concerned about the actual use of solitary confinement in different detention centres as punishment for prolonged periods of time. It is particularly concerned about the solitary confinement of Nabeel Rajab, which is reported to have exceeded nine months and during which he has been denied adequate medical care. The Committee draws the State party’s attention to the fact that excessive use of solitary confinement constitutes cruel, 5