NEW ZEALAND: THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION AND FOUR MECHANISMS In New Zealand the Human Rights Commission was designated as the Central National Preventive Mechanism with a coordinating role, and four NPMs were designated to inspect and monitor specific categories of places of detention, namely: uuthe Ombudsman – in relation to prisons, premises approved or agreed under the Immigration Act 1987, health and disability places of detention and youth justice residences; uuthe Independent Police Conduct Authority – in relation to people held in police cells and otherwise in the custody of the police; uuthe Children’s Commissioner – in relation to children and young persons in residences; uuthe Inspector of Service Penal Establishments – in relation to Defence Force Service Custody and Service Corrective Establishments. SPT visit report to New Zealand (CAT/OP/NZL/1) SENEGAL: THE NATIONAL OBSERVATORY OF PLACES OF DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY In 2011 the Council of Ministers approved the implementing decree of the legislation establishing the National Observer of Places of Deprivation of Liberty, which established a new institution as NPM. In 2012 the Council of Ministers approved the appointment of a former magistrate and technical adviser to the Ministry of Justice as the National Observer. SPT visit report to Senegal – NPM report (CAT/OP/SEN/2) TUNISIA: THE NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE PREVENTION OF TORTURE The NPM is a recently-created specialized institution, established in 2013, through a transitional process during which a number of independent human-rights-related bodies were created. The Law No. 2013-43 establishing the NPM was produced through a participatory process involving experts from civil society and the public administration. In November 2013 the Parliament issued a public call for candidates for membership of the NPM. Owing to lack of applications, the call for candidates was renewed several times throughout 2014 and 2015. In March 2016 the 16 members of the NPM were elected by the Parliament. OHCHR Tunisia and the SPT, as well as other stakeholders, provided continuous support for the establishment of the NPM and thereafter in respect of its effective functioning in accordance with OPCAT. SPT visit report to Tunisia – NPM report – (CAT/OP/TUN/R.2) 10 I PREVENTING TORTURE: THE ROLE OF NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISMS – A PRACTICAL GUIDE