of torture. She reminded that the NMPT seeks to implement international standards regarding persons deprived of their liberty. An important event was the 2nd Congress on Human Rights held on 14-15 December at the Polin Museum in Warsaw. During the 43 discussion sessions attended in total by 200 panellists and about 1500 participants from all over the country, important issues were discussed that relate to the protection of human rights and civil liberties in Poland. As part of the congress, the National Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture organized a panel entitled Poland: a state without torture. The discussion on preventing torture and inhuman or degrading treatment was attended by: Prof. Zbigniew Lasocik, until 2012 a member of the UN Subcommittee for the Prevention of Torture (SPT) in Geneva, who has established the country’s first scientific unit that works on the subject (the Human Trafficking Research Centre); attorney Mikołaj Pietrzak, head of the Warsaw Bar Council and member of the Board of Directors of the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture; Justyna Kopińska, author of many reports on the scale of violence in Poland; Maria Książak, a co-founder of the Polish Centre for Rehabilitation of Torture Victims; and Przemysław Kazimirski, the NMPT director. The discussion was moderated by Deputy CHR Hanna Machińska, PH.D. All panellists agreed that the problem of torture in Poland is still encountered. As they pointed out, the most frequent victims of torture are people who have low legal awareness and are thus unable to defend themselves effectively; often these are persons with disabilities, migrants or minors. We cannot deny torture still exists. It is up to us our common effort to make people aware that torture should be condemned and that such practices may not be used in the 20th century. Deputy Commissioner for Human Rights Hanna Machińska, Ph.D. International activity is an important component of work of the National Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture. Therefore, representatives of the Mechanism took part in numerous international meetings on the prevention Report of the Commissioner for Human Rights on the activities of the National Mechanism for the Prevention of Torture in Poland in 2018 21

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