43 “cannot be achieved without due consideration and respect for the right to liberty and 145 the right to be free from arbitrary arrest or detention.” 102. In Bolivia, for example, in spite of the amendments to criminal law of recent years, criminal activity continues to increase. According to official figures gleaned from police reports: (a) reports of crimes rose by 24% between 2005 and 2007; by 52% between 2005 and 2009; and by 70% between 2005 and 2010 (from 34,201 in 2005 to 146 57,982 in 2010). Those figures do not include crimes that were not reported. 103. Accordingly, echoing the words of the UN Rapporteur on Torture, the IACHR reiterates that in general the use of imprisonment as a habitual measure and not as a last resort has not curbed crime rates or prevented recidivism. On the contrary, it has had a negative impact on the prison system. Consequently, instead of a punitive penal and penitentiary system that focuses on locking people up, the highest priority should be afforded to a comprehensive reform of the whole justice administration system, introducing a new approach aimed at the rehabilitation and reintegration of 147 offenders in society. On a similar note, the Salvador Declaration states that achieving sustainable and long-lasting results in the prevention, prosecution, and punishment of crime requires building, modernizing, and strengthening criminal justice systems and 148 promoting the rule of law. 104. Citizen security is a complex matter that involves a wide array of factors, stakeholders and conditions, including the history and structure of the State and its society, government policies and programs, the level of enjoyment of economic, social, and cultural rights, and the regional and international situation. Accordingly, the Commission reiterates that public policies for citizen security must first of all provide for the functioning of an efficient institutional structure, capable of ensuring the population the effective enjoyment of the human rights related to the prevention and control of violence and crime. Specifically, these public policies on citizen security must establish, on a priority basis, three dimensions of actions to prevent violence and crime: (1) primary prevention, which are measures directed at the entire population, and have to do with programs in public health, education, 145 UN, Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Report on Mission to El Salvador, A/HRC/22/44/Add.2, published January 11, 2013, summary and paras. 123 and 124. 146 Construir Foundation, Criminal Procedure Reform and Pretrial Detention in Bolivia (Reforma Procesal Penal y Detención Preventiva en Bolivia), 2012, p. 36. Citing, as its source, the report State of Citizen Insecurity Situation in Bolivia (Estado de Situación de la Inseguridad Ciudadana en Bolivia) 2005-2010 from the Interior Ministry’s National Citizen Security Observatory. 147 IACHR, Report on the Human Rights of Persons Deprived of Liberty in the Americas, para. 454; UN, Special Rapporteur on Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Report on Mission to Uruguay, A/HRC/13/39/Add.2, published December 21, 2009, paras. 100 and 101. 148 UN, Salvador Declaration on Comprehensive Strategies for Global Challenges: Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Systems and Their Development in a Changing World, adopted by the Twelfth United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice, held in Salvador, Brazil, April 12 to 19, 2010, para. 8.