Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (OPCAT). One of the main provisions of the OPCAT is the establishment of National Preventive Mechanisms (NPM), specifically to “set up, designate or maintain at the domestic level one or several visiting bodies for the prevention of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.” In 2011, DHRC SMS advocacy efforts had resulted in the signing of a co-operation agreement on detention monitoring between the Kosovo Ombudsperson Institution and two local non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the Kosovo Rehabilitation Centre for Torture Victims (KRCT) and the Council for the Defence of Human Rights and Freedoms (CDHRF). In 2013, DHRC SMS organized capacity building training courses for the detention monitoring task force, including a three-day training on “Prevention of Torture” for 17 participants on 3-5 April; and a two-day training on “Monitoring of Freedom of Peaceful Assembly” for 15 participants on 10-11 October. On 8 May, the DHRC and the DSPS organized a “Workshop on Identification of Training Needs for Judges and Prosecutors”, in conjunction with the Kosovo Judicial Institute (KJI). Court presidents and chief prosecutors from throughout Kosovo – as well as representatives from the KP Training Department, EULEX and the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) –, were brought together to discuss the training needs of their staff with regard to serious and organized crimes. The workshop resulted in the identification of a specific list of training needs for prosecutors and judges related to the substantive law, the procedural aspects of serious and organized crime cases – specifically as they relate to a shift towards ILP by KP –, as well as basic skills and knowledge of policing methodologies, economics and accounting. From October to November, the DHRC Equality, Non-discrimination and Anti-trafficking Section (ENA) conducted two three-day training sessions on the newly adopted Standard Operating Procedures for dealing with Victims of Trafficking in Gjilan/Gnjilane and Ferizaj/Uroševac municipalities. The training courses targeted the main anti-trafficking stakeholders and service providers, amongst which were also the representatives of the KP Anti-trafficking Section. Further, in June DHRC ENA, jointly with the EU, organized a fourday ToT course on the newly adopted SOPs for 15 representatives of the main antitrafficking stakeholders and service providers, amongst them a representative of KP (Chief of Central Investigation Section, Directorate for Investigation of Trafficking in Human Beings). ****** 72