002/19-09-2007-ECCC-OCIJ ЮŲŠ / No: D427  The targeting of specific groups, in particular the Cham, Vietnamese, Buddhists and former officials of the Khmer Republic, including both civil servants and former military personnel and their families; and  158. The regulation of marriage. The common purpose came into existence on or before 17 April 1975 and continued until at least 6 January 1979. The five policies designed to achieve this common purpose were implemented within or before these dates. These policies evolved and increased in scale and intensity throughout the regime. One of the consequences of these policies was the collectivisation of all aspects of society. This collectivisation involved the suppression of markets, currency and private property,467 the prohibition of peoples’ freedom of movement, and generally forcing everyone to live in communal units according to their categorisation. This resulted in the implementation of a system which Cambodians have subsequently described in the following way: the entire country had become a “prison without walls”. 159. The persons who shared this common purpose included, but were not limited to: members of the Standing Committee, including Nuon Chea and Ieng Sary; members of the Central Committee, including Khieu Samphan; heads of CPK ministries, including Ieng Thirith; zone and autonomous sector secretaries; and heads of the Party Centre military divisions. A. MOVEMENT OF THE POPULATION 160. One of the five policies was to implement and defend the CPK socialist revolution through the movement of the population from towns and cities to rural areas, as well as from one rural area to another, by whatever means necessary. The movement by the CPK of people began prior to 17 April 1975 and continued until at least 6 January 1979. The Co-Investigating Judges were specifically seized of three major phases of movement: the movement of people out of Phnom Penh (Phase 1); the Central (Old North), Southwest, West and East Zones (Phase 2); and the East Zone (Phase 3). 161. One of the objectives of the population movements was to fulfil the labour requirements of the cooperatives and worksites.468 The CPK declared that it also had the objectives of providing food supplies to the population and protecting it from security threats. A CPK Party document dated September 1975 reflects another major objective: to deprive city dwellers and former civil servants of their economic and political status and transform them into peasants,469 thus “preserving the revolutionary achievements”.470 Population movements Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, National Road 4, Choam Chao, Dangkao Phnom Penh Mailing address: P.O. Box 71, Phnom Penh; Tel: +855(0)23 218914 Fax: +855(0) 23 218941. 42