Introduction Since its origin in 1975 as the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe (CSCE), the OSCE has taken a comprehensive view of security. The human dimension of security – the protection and promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms and the promotion of strong democratic institutions and the rule of law – is considered to be as important for the maintenance of peace and stability as are the politico-military or economic dimensions. All OSCE participating States are equally committed to upholding democratic principles and to observing the full range of human rights. Individuals are at the heart of our efforts And they have confirmed their commitment to these principles on countless occasions:
“Full respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and the development of societies based on pluralistic democracy and the rule of law are prerequisites for progress in setting up the lasting order of peace, security, justice and co-operation” (Copenhagen Document, 1990).
“Human rights and fundamental freedoms are the birthright of all human beings, are inalienable and are guaranteed by law. Their protection and promotion is the first responsibility of government” (Charter of Paris for a New Europe, 1990).
“Democratic government is based on the will of the people, expressed regularly through free and fair elections. Democracy has as its foundation respect for the human person and the rule of law” (Charter of Paris for a New Europe, 1990). 6