based upon a consistent and well-thought-out approach, and not decided ad hoc as external requests are made. Example: information protocol, coalition All for Fair Trials In September 2005, as a result of the interest in various domestic and international organizations for case information, the coalition All for Fair Trials, a domestic observer group in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, developed a rulebook for the retention and release of case information related to its monitoring project involving trafficking cases. This rulebook provides, in addition to general rules of confidentiality for all monitoring staff, clear guidelines regarding the type of case information that may be shared with external parties only by the programme’s project co-ordinator. The rulebook provides for a three-level confidentiality system. First, basic information relating to the existence of cases and number of cases monitored by the coalition is deemed accessible to any interested parties. Second, certain statistical data regarding defendants and other specifically defined information regarding victims may be released to specified actors for specified purposes. Finally, information obtained from court documents, closed hearings, or protected by court order may not be released by the coalition to third parties under any circumstances. In this way, the rulebook provides clear protocols to supervisors on the release of monitoring data in the regular course of programme activities in line with the overall purposes of the programme. 116 Trial-Monitoring: A Reference Manual for Practitioners